WHY  SPEND 

$1500,000? 


The  1920  World  Work  Budget  of 
Young  Men’s  Christian  Associations 
of  the  United  States  and  Canada 


Where  to  Find  It 


Page 


Foreword 

How  to  Use  This  Manual 

Relationships 

The  1920  Budget  Summarized 

Why  Spend  This  $1,500,000? 

The  Work  by  Countries 

Argentina 

Brazil 

Ceylon 

Chile 

China 

Cuba 

East  Africa 

Egypt 

Hongkong 

India  and  Ceylon 

Japanese  Empire 

Korea 

Mexico 

Palestine 

Peru 

Porto  Rico 

Portugal 

Russia . 

South  America 

The  Near  East 

The  Philippines 

Turkey 

Uruguay 

Phases  of  Work  around  the  World 

National  Committees 

Army  Work 

Boys’  Work 

City  Work 

Educational  Work 

Industrial  Work 

Lecture  Work  in  China 

Religious  Work 

Rural  Work 

Physical  Work 

Social  Service 

Student  Work 

Training  of  Personnel .. . . 

Writing,  Translating,  and  Publishing 

Friendly  Relations  among  Foreign  Students 

1919  Financial  Statement 

Significant  Action  by  the  Brotherhood 

The  “Messer”  Commission 

Cleveland  Convention 

Springfield  Employed  Officers’  Conference. . . . 

Detroit  Convention 

The  1920  Budget  Reviewing  Committee 


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Additional  copie*  may  be  secured  from 
FOREIGN  DEPARTMENT 
International  Committee  of 
Young  Men  s Christian  Associations 
347  Madison  Avenue,  New  York. 


1 


Foreword 

This  manual  is  prepared  primarily  for 
those  whose  responsibility  it  is  to  make  the 
World  Work  a vital  force  in  the  local  Young 
Men’s  Christian  Associations  of  the  United 
States  and  Canada.  It  supplies  the  informa- 
tion necessary  to  a clear  understanding  of  the 
program  and  budget.  General  secretaries, 
chairmen  of  World  Work  committees,  and 
foreign  secretaries,  particularly,  will  find  it 
useful. 

The  1920  budget— $1 ,468,780.72— is  too 
large  to  be  grasped  as  a whole.  The  usual 
budget  statements  which  show  merely  the 
amounts  under  formal  classifications  of  ex- 
penditure, because  of  brevity,  convey  almost 
no  meaning  and  in  no  adequate  way  explain 
or  justify  the  outlay  of  so  much  money.  On  the 
other  hand,  the  source  facts  and  figures  from 
which  the  budget  was  formulated  are  far  too 
extensive  and  complex  for  practical  use. 

As  a prism  breaks  light  into  the  spectrum, 
bringing  out  its  elements  and  its  beauty,  so 
these  pages,  it  is  hoped,  will  show  clearly  the 
natural  divisions  of  the  budget  by  countries 
and  phases  of  work,  and  reveal  in  a new  and 
more  challenging  way  the  attractive  oppor- 
tunity for  Christian  investment  afforded  by 
this  world-wide  program  of  varied  service  to 
men  and  boys. 

A second  major  purpose  for  this  manual 
is  to  announce  a new  plan  of  relationships 
between  donors  in  North  America  and  Asso- 
ciation work  on  the  field.  The  enlargement 
of  responsibility  of  National  Committees  of 
other  countries  and  growth  in  their  import- 
ance make  a new  definition  of  these  re- 
lationships desirable.  The  first  few  pages, 
therefore,  are  given  to  a discussion  of  the 
breakdown  of  the  old  and  an  explanation 
of  the  new  relationships. 


How  to  Use  This  Manual 

Anyone  desiring  to  make  serious  and 
effective  use  of  this  booklet  should  acquaint 
himself  thoroughly  with  its  fundamental  ideas 
and  arrangement.  First  in  order  is  to  know 
about  the  ties  which  bind  those  who  give  the 
money  to  the  work  on  the  field.  The  chapter 
on  relationships  is  therefore  first  in  place  and 
importance.  Practically  all  of  the  remaining 
pages  are  devoted  to  the  explanation  of  the 
1920  budget . First , the  budget  is  summarized 
under  such  main  divisions  as  personnel,  ad- 
ministration, home  base  functions,  etc.,  with 
suitable  explanatory  paragraphs,  the  idea 
being  to  answer  at  once  most  of  the  general 
questions  which  arise  about  the  whole  pro- 
jected cost  for  the  year.  This  is  followed  by 
reasons  for  spending  the  whole  sum,  with 
the  end  in  view  of  getting  numerous  gifts 
which  will  not  be  restricted  to  secretaries, 
cities,  or  countries,  but  applied  to  the  work 
at  large.  Then  in  alphabetical  order  appear 
the  countries,  amount  spent  in  each,  and  good 
talking  points  why  the  work  should  be  carried 
on.  Phases  of  work  around  the  world  are 
also  listed  with  their  aggregate  amounts  and 
information  about  each.  The  closing  pages 
furnish  useful  data,  resolutions,  etc. 

To  re-state  in  a sentence — this  is  a 
handbook  designed  to  provide  about  every- 
thing needed  for  successful  personal  inter- 
views or  public  addresses.  It  is  not  for 
popular  distribution;  but  for  workers  only. 
In  the  hands  of  consecrated,  energetic  men, 
it  should  accomplish  its  mission — to  help  win 
the  entire  Association  Brotherhood  to  a deep 
sense  of  its  obligation  to  the  young  men  of 
t^e  world,  and  to  establish  in  the  United 
States  and  Canada  an  adequate  financial  base. 


3 


Relationships 

Between  Donors  aiul  Association 
Work  in  Other  Lands 


The  Old  Relationships 

From  the  beginning  of  the  Association  Foreign 
Work  the  securing  of  funds  for  its  support  was  based 
upon  the  simple  and  attractive  idea  of  the  mainte- 
nance of  individual  secretaries.  Association  and 
individual  contributors  alike  approved  of  the  prin- 
ciple of  personal  representation  on  the  field.  From 
the  standpoint  of  financing  the  work,  the  “human 
interest”  element  served  so  well  the  ends  of  money- 
getting, the  weaknesses  involved  were  overlooked, 
or  in  the  earlier  stages  of  growth  did  not  exist. 

As  the  years  passed,  however,  the  growth  in 
volume  anti  scope  of  the  work  and  in  annual  ex- 
penditures brought  complex  problems  in  connec- 
tion with  the  old  relationships.  Modification  of 
some  kind  became  a necessity. 

Particular  points  of  failure 

1.  Changes  in  personnel  occur  from  year  to  year,  owing 
to  health  and  other  personal  reasons,  some  men  returning  to 
America  permanently.  Exigencies  of  administration  on  the 
field  compel  shifts  in  location  and  responsibility. 

2.  A study  of  relationships  shows  some  close  ties  between 
individual  or  Association  contributors  and  particular  secreta- 
ries, but  in  the  main  personal  representation  on  the  field  has 
not  fixed  a sense  of  responsibility  on  the  part  of  donors. 

3 . Variation  in  the  amounts  that  Associations  and  individ- 
uals can  give  from  year  to  year  causes  shortages  and  excesses 
and  difficulty  in  crediting  to  individual  secretarial  budgets. 

4.  Secretarial  budgets  vary  in  accordance  with  size  of 
families,  differences  in  rents,  exchange,  and  other  costs  of 
living  as  between  countries  and  even  cities  within  the  same 
country,  etc.  The  “budget  of  a foreign  secretary”cannot 
therefore  become  a standard  amount.  Under  the  plan  of 
“personal  support”  this  has  caused  much  misunderstanding. 

5.  “Personal  representation,”  to  be  significant,  involves 
exchange  of  letters.  The  secretary  is  poorly  equipped  for 
this  and  even  may  be  an  ineffective  correspondent.  In  some 
cases  his  work  does  not  lend  itself  to  attractive  reporting. 
If  he  doesn’t  write  at  all,  his  constituency  thinks  the  under- 
standing has  not  been  lived  up  to,  or  if  letters  are  unsatis- 
factory, the  money  poorly  invested.  On  the  other  hand, 
contributors  often  give  their  money  but  not  themselves,  and 
a one-sided  correspondence  breaks  down  or  becomes  perfunc- 
tory. 

6.  The  whole  budget  of  the  Foreign  Work  is  no  longer 
covered  when  the  budgets  of  all  the  individual  secretaries 
are  provided,  as  was  true  in  the  earlier  stages  when  a small 
staff  was  conducting  a few  lines  of  work.  Maintenance  of 
personnel  now  requires  only  about  two-thirds  of  the  whole 


4 


annual  expenditure.  The  other  third  provides  for  the  needs 
of  the  growing  national  committees  of  the  countries  served, 
the  increased  cost  in  America  of  general  administration  and 
the  raising  of  the  larger  budget,  and  our  share  of  inter-board 
operations  at  home  and  abroad. 

Analysis  of  existing  relationships 

The  projection  of  a new  plan  of  relationships 
was  based  upon  a careful  study  of  income  and  its 
distribution  to  objects  on  the  field.  Such  assign- 
ments were  found  to  number  729.  Of  these  relation- 
ships, 228  were  considered  significant;  101  nominal; 
251  were  already  assigned  to  “Foreign  Work”  in 
general;  149  involved  the  relationship  to  secreta- 
ries assigned  as  “correspondent”  only.  Of  the 
729  total  cases,  294  were  Association  and  435 
individual.  Of  the  significant  list,  93  were  Associa- 
tion and  135  individual. 


The  New  Relationships 

The  new  plan  here  set  forth  represents  the  best 
judgment  of  the  Administrative  Council  of  the 
Foreign  Department  based  on  careful  studies,  and 
corrected  by  the  criticism  of  returned  secretaries 
and  leaders  of  Associations  in  this  country.  It  is 
believed  that  these  new  relationships  will  eventual- 
ly give  contributors  a more  intelligent  interest  in 
the  whole  program  of  Association  service  abroad, 
and  that  the  income  will  be  relieved  of  those  ham- 
pering restrictions  which  are  so  intimately  and  un- 
avoidably a part  of  “personal  representation”  and 
the  “supporting  relationship.” 

I.  Those  existing  relationships  between  sec- 
retaries on  the  field  and  individual  and  Association 
contributors  which  are  vital  in  nature  shall  be  main- 
tained. 

II.  The  remaining  established  relation- 
ships shall  be  changed  as  rapidly  as  possible  in 
harmony  with  the  classification  below. 

III.  The  enlistment  of  support  and  the 

maintenance  of  interest  shall  be  governed  by  the 
following  standard  classification  of  objects. 

i 

Class  A — The  w hole  Foreign  Work  of  the 

Young  Men’s  Christian  Associations 

The  dominant  challenging  objective  for  which  unrestricted 
gifts  shall  be  sought.  No  restrictions  of  any  character  are 
permitted  under  this  classification. 

Class  B — The  whole  w’ork  within  a country 

Provides  for  the  limitation  of  gifts  to  the  work  within  a 
country.  Further  restriction  removes  a gift  from  Class  B. 

Class  C — Phases  of  work  around  the  world 

Gifts  to  finance  particular  kinds  of  work,  such  as  Training 
of  Secretaries  around  the  world,  regardless  of  location. 


5 


Class  D — Phases  of  work  within  a country 

Gifts  restricted  to  any  particular  phase  of  work  within  any 
country,  such  as  Student  Work.  This  classification  includes 
all  grants  for  work  of  National  Committees. 

Class  E — The  work  of  the  Committee  on 
Friendly  Relations  among  Foreign  Students 

This  Committee  has  its  special  budget  which  is  included  as 
a part  of  the  whole  Foreign  Work  Budget.  No  gifts  for  other 
kinds  of  work  can  be  credited  to  Class  E. 

Class  F — The  Budget  for  Home  Administra- 
tion 

All  gifts  for  whatever  phase  of  Home  Administration  are 
in  Class  F. 

Class  G — The  work  in  specific  cities  and  pro- 
vinces 

All  gifts  limited  to  work  within  a particular  city  or  province 
are  in  Class  G.  While  this  classification  does  not  involve  so 
many  complications  as  the  support  of  the  work  of  individual 
secretaries,  next  to  Class  H it  is  the  least  desirable. 

Class  H — The  work  of  individual  secretaries 

All  gifts  for  the  support  of  individuals  are  in  Class  H. 
This  is  the  least  desirable  classification  because  of  the  difficul- 
ties pointed  out  under  the  heading  “The  Old  Relationships.” 

Special  Note.  It  is  understood  that  any  surplus  funds  in 
Classes  B to  H automatically  revert  to  Class  A.  It  should 
always  be  remembered  that  the  whole  cost  of  a specific  work 
is  not  shown  in  the  item  budgeted  for  it.  There  are  always 
general  expenses  involved,  such  as  the  proportion  of  the  cost 
of  the  National  Committees  and  of  Home  Base  Functions 
in  America.  Since  all  deficits  are  made  up  from  Class  A,  it 
is  only  fair  to  provide  this  condition. 


IV.  Education  and  maintenance  of  in- 
terest. The  interest  of  individual  and  Associa- 
tion contributors  shall  be  maintained  and  in- 
creased by  two  principal  methods: 

1.  Correspondence  directly  from  the  field. 

That  there  may  be  direct  contact  with  the  work 
on  the  field,  one  or  more  specially  qualified  secre- 
taries shall  be  designated  to  correspond  with  in- 
dividuals and  Associations  whose  support  is  sub- 
stantial and  regular,  to  keep  them  informed  about 
the  progress  of  the  work,  its  achievements,  prob- 
lems, difficulties,  and  opportunities. 

2.  Special  educational  matter  sent  from 
New  York  headquarters.  The  Home  Base  Divi- 
sion of  Education  will  provide  Associations  and 
individual  contributors  with  adequate  information 
about  the  world- wide  program,  through  corre- 
spondence, pictures,  special  reports  and  pamphlets 
and  exhibits. 


6 


The  1920  Budget 
Summarized 


I.  Maintaining  Foreign  Sec- 
retaries on  the  Field  . $957,909.22 

Foreign  secretaries  are  not  paid  for  sen-ice;  they  are  supported  in  a life 
work.  Each  has  a personal  budget  made  up  of  two  principal  items:  salary 
and  allowances.  The  salary,  which  covers  living  expenses,  exclusive  of 
items  referred  to  below,  is  based  on  the  equivalent  of  $1,200  in  America. 
The  amount  varies  as  between  countries,  determined  by  the  purchasing 
power  of  the  American  gold  dollar.  The  allowances  are  for  each  child, 
for  house-rent,  medical  service,  instruction  in  the  language  (usually  in  a 
school),  and  for  part  of  vacation  cost  (urgent  in  these  trying  climates). 
This  plan  of  a uniform  salary  and  varying  allowances  puts  all  on  the  same 
basis  and  insures  flexibility  under  widely  varying  conditions.  To  meet  the 
rising  cost  of  living,  special  grants  have  been  made  to  the  men  in  every 
country.  These  have  added  considerably  to  the  total  cost  of  maintaining 
the  health  and  effectiveness  of  the  foreign  secretaries. 

Note:  In  comparing  the  cost  of  foreign  secretaries  with  that  of  other 
missionaries,  the  following  points  should  be  considered.  For  the  most  part 
our  men  live  in  the  larger  cities  where  costs  are  higher  than  in  the  smaller 
places.  The  Y.  M.  C.  A.  owns  very  few  residences  and  is  compelled  to  rent 
at  the  high  prices  charged  to  foreigners.  Physicians  and  hospital  treat- 
ment, a large  item,  available  to  missionaries  without  cost  through  the 
physicians  attached  to  mission  stations,  must  be  paid  for  by  Association 
secretaries.  The  nature  of  the  work,  involving  intimate  association  with 
officials,  business  men,  and  foreigners  to  an  extent  not  true  of  the  ma- 
jority of  missionaries,  adds  to  their  personal  and  official  expenses. 

Loss  in  exchange  is  in  the  aggregate  a very  large  sum.  The  estimated 
cost  in  1920  on  personnel  alone  is  $177,637.42.  The  steadily  rising  price 
of  silver  since  the  early  days  of  the  War  is  responsible  for  this.  For  exam- 
ple, in  1915  a secretary  in  China  received  $2.40  Mexican  for  each  American 
dollar  of  salary.  Early  in  1920  the  price  of  silver  per  ounce  was  $1.39, 
making  silver  bullion  worth  more  than  gold  bullion,  and  requiring  $1.11 
American  gold  to  put  $1.00  Mexican  into  the  hands  of  a secretary  in 
China.  Our  best  advisers  hold  out  no  hope  for  relief  during  the  cur- 
rent year. 


II.  Grants  to  National 

Committees  . . . $186,857.50 

This  amount  represents  only  a fraction  of  the  total  spent  by  the  Na- 
tional Committees,  which  raise  on  the  field  more  thau  half  of  the  amount 
needed.  The  International  Committee  shares  in  the  expense  of  special 
enterprises,  particularly  the  projection  of  new  lines  of  work  which  cannot 
support  themselves  until  a constituency  is  developed,  and  in  fundamentally 
important  phases  of  the  work,  such  as  the  training  of  native  secretaries, 
the  production  of  Christian  literature,  and  providing  scholarships  to  enable 
promising  secretaries  of  experience  to  complete  their  studies  in  America. 

(For  further  discussion  of  the  National  Committees  and  their  functions 
see  page  37). 

III.  Special  Appropriations  . $13,590.00 

There  are  four  groups  of  Special  Appropriations 
1.  For  Widows  and  Orphans  . ($7,040.00) 

Men  are  called  into  Association  foreign  service  with  the  expectation  that 
they  will  make  it  their  life  work.  The  policy  of  the  International  Committee* 
therefore,  is  to  care  for  the  families  of  secretaries  who  die  in  the  service. 
Of  the  317  secretaries  who  from  the  beginning  have  been  in  this  service, 
eight  have  died  on  the  field.  To  their  widows  and  orphans  the  Committee 
makes  annual  grants  varying  in  accordance  with  their  needs. 


7 


2.  Inter-Mission  Board  Activities  ($3,400.00) 

This  is  the  Association's  share  of  union  projects  in  which  all  Mission 
Boards  working  on  a field  participate,  such  as  the  Committee  on  Coopera- 
tion in  Latin  America. 


3.  Visitation  of  the  Field  . . ($3,000.00) 

This  provides  traveling  expenses  of  administrative  secretaries  who  must 
make  occasional  trips  to  the  various  fields. 

4.  Publications  for  Foreign  Secretaries  ($150.00) 

IV.  Contingent  Fund  . . $20,000.00 

This  fund  serves  as  a "financial  cushion"  from  which  to  meet  those  in- 
evitable expenses  which  cannot  be  foreseen. 


V.  Drafts  in  Transit  on  Account 

of  1919 $20,000.00 

At  the  end  of  1919  drafts  approximating  $20,000  were  made  by  the 
national  offices  on  the  field.  These  could  not  be  paid  until  presented  in 
New  York;  consequently  this  amount  was  carried  forward  into  the  1920 
budget. 


VI.  Home  Base  Functions  . . $270,424.00 

1 .  General  Administration 
of  the  Foreign  Work  . . ($14,536.00) 

This  item  represents  the  cost  of  the  general  administration  of  the  whole 
Foreign  Work,  including  the  budget  of  the  chief  executive  secretary  of  the 
Foreign  Department  and  his  clerical  staff,  and  only  a nominal  amount, 
$1,200,  toward  the  overhead  expenses  of  the  International  Committee  as  a 
whole.  No  charge  is  made  against  the  Foreign  Budget  on  account  of  the 
services  of  the  General  Secretary,  John  R.  Mott,  and  his  associate,  Fletcher 
S.  Brockman. 


2.  Foreign  Correspondence 
and  Administration  of 

Work  on  the  Field  . . ($34,067.00) 

Correspondence  with  our  staff  on  the  field,  maintaining  relationships 
with  the  National  Committees,  and  working  out  the  administrative  details, 
requires  the  attention  of  a considerable  staff,  all  but  two  of  whom  are  men 
home  on  furlough,  whose  salaries  are  not  chargeable  to  this  account.  A 
great  volume  of  correspondence  is  involved.  This  includes  the  cost  of 
disbursing  and  accounting. 


3.  Personnel:  Recruiting  and 

Training  ....  ($17,930.00) 

Under  this  head  are  grouped  the  expenses  of  finding,  calling,  and  training 
new  secretaries  for  the  foreign  field.  The  biggest  item  in  this  budget  is 
for  the  annual  conference  of  outgoing  and  furlough  secretaries.  Much  of 
the  time  of  the  personnel  secretary  is  given  to  counseling  about  the  best 
use  of  furloughs  and  in  adjusting  the  numerous  personal  problems. 


4.  Research  and  World  Survey  . ($11,610.00) 

A vast  amount  of  accurate  and  detailed  information  about  many  sub- 
jects is  essential  to  the  proper  administration  of  a world-wide  work.  Gather- 
ing. analyzing,  and  organizing  this  material  requires  the  maintenance  of  a 
Division  of  Research  and  Information  employing  specialists.  In  conjunc- 


8 


tion  with  the  Interchureh  World  Movement  this  Division  is  now  making 
a survey  of  the  world  which  will  have  important  bearings  on  the  future 
policy  and  program  of  Association  work  in  other  countries. 

5.  Information  and  Publicity  . ($24,235.00) 

The  field  of  operation  of  the  Foreign  Work  is  so  far  removed  from  its 
base  in  the  North  American  Associations,  it  becomes  necessary  to  maintain 
a continuous  program  of  information  and  interpretation  of  the  work  and 
the  needs  in  these  numerous  countries,  the  problems  of  which  are  little 
known  at  home.  This  budget  provides  for  the  duplication  of  reports,  the 
preparation  of  special  pamphlets  and  exhibits,  and  the  maintenance  of 
several  lines  of  general  publicity.  The  new  relationships  between  donors 
and  work  on  the  field,  described  on  page  2,  are  made  effective  through 
the  staff  financed  by  this  budget. 


6.  Raising  and  Collecting 

the  Money  . . . ($114,317.00) 

Insistent  calls  for  expansion  during  the  next  three  years  make  imperative 
broadening  the  financial  base  in  America.  To  this  end  the  organization 
has  been  strengthened  by  establishing  five  regional  offices  in  the  United 
States  and  one  in  Canada,  with  permanent  experienced  secretaries  whose 
salaries,  travel  and  office  expenses  make  up  most  of  the  increase  over  pre- 
ceding years.  The  regional  secretaries,  by  training  and  personal  direction, 
will  make  the  furlough  secretaries  (on  whose  unaided  labors  alone  we  can 
no  longer  depend)  more  productive  while  in  America  and  more  effective 
on  the  field.  The  continuous  closer  contact  of  these  regional  secretaries 
with  local  Associations,  by  aiding  in  reorganizing  Foreign  Work  forces  which 
disintegrated  during  the  War,  and  by  helping  non-participating  Associa- 
tions to  establish  Foreign  Work  programs,  will  bring  cumulative  results. 

Particular  attention  is  called  to  the  fact  that  $12,000  is  budgeted  for 
interest,  because  of  the  tendency  on  the  part  of  local  Associations  to  raise 
their  money  late  in  the  year,  which  necessitates  borrowing  during  the  first 
half  of  the  year.  In  1919,  $441,812.07,  one  third  of  the  total  receipts 
reached  New  York  in  December. 

The  remainder  of  this  amount  covers  the  usual  expenses  of  financial 
operations — correpondence,  postage,  telegrams,  records,  etc. 

7.  Inspirational  Program  in 

Local  Associations  . . ($16,229.00) 

The  operations  of  the  financial  organization  of  the  Foreign  Work,  especial- 
ly through  the  visitation  and  speaking  of  furlough  secretaries,  make  a 
distinct  inspirational  contribution  to  the  life  of  local  Associations  and 
through  them  to  their  communities.  That  the  public  is  awakening  to  a 
sense  of  world  responsibility  is  evidenced  by  the  number  of  calls  on  Foreign 
Work  representatives  for  addresses  before  Chambers  of  Commerce,  Rotary 
and  other  clubs,  churches  and  Association  groups.  More  and  more  local 
Associations  are  recognizing  the  reflex  spiritual  values  of  a World  Work 
program.  The  visit  to  a city  of  a secretary  from  another  country,  though 
primarily  for  the  purpose  of  securing  financial  support,  is  an  event  of  true 
religious  significance. 

The  amount  budgeted  under  this  division  was  determined  by  using  a 
fraction  which  was  judged  to  represent  the  approximate  time  spent  by 
staff  and  regional  secretaries  in  making  possible  this  service. 


8.  Committee  on  Friendly  Re- 
lations among  Foreign  Students  ($37,500.00) 

This  highly  appreciated  Committee  serves  helpfully  the  more  than  10,000 
students  from  over  100  nations  in  500  colleges  and  universities  of  the  United 
States  and  Canada.  Special  secretaries  who  know  the  languages 
and  particular  problems  of  the  different  nationalities  are  employed.  More 
detailed  information  of  the  functions  and  program  of  this  Committee_is 
given  on  page  52. 


Total  Budget 


$1,468,780.72 


Why  Spend  This  $1,500,000  ? 


9 


1.  The  year  1920  is  most  critical  in  many 
respects  for  our  world  program.  It  is  a time  of 
transition  from  the  War  to  reconstruction.  The 
War  has  effected  profound  changes  in  every 
country  in  Asia,  as  well  as  in  Europe. 

2.  Japan  is  at  the  crossroads  today,  facing 
the  second  great  crisis  in  her  national  history.  She 
must  choose  between  autocracy  and  democracy, 
between  militarism  and  freedom  in  her  whole  na- 
tional policy. 

3.  China  faces  a greater  crisis.  She  has 
undertaken  a sudden  plunge  from  the  medieval 
into  the  modern  world;  into  a republican  form  of 
government  without  preparation,  education,  Chris- 
tianization. Her  government  is  unstable;  her  best 
social  and  religious  foundations  unable  to  furnish 
a basis  equal  to  the  demands  of  modern  national 
life. 


4.  India  is  entering  upon  a new  era  of 

responsible  government,  which  is  practically  Home 
Rule  on  the  installment  plan.  The  grave  question 
is  whether  Hinduism,  or  any  of  the  eight  non- 
Christian  religions,  can  furnish  an  adequate  basis 
for  national  life  or  produce  the  leadership  for  this 
one-fifth  of  the  human  race. 

5.  South  America’s  unsolved  problems — 

civic,  social,  educational,  and  moral — require  the 
attention  of  thoughtful,  earnest  leaders  who  recog- 
nize the  menace  where  illiteracy  is  prevalent,  the 
lottery'  and  race  course  foster  gambling,  the  con- 
sumption of  liquor  increases,  vice  flourishes  un- 
checked by'  popular  disapproval,  and  life  is  under- 
cut by  the  loss  of  religious  conviction. 

6.  In  the  Near  East  the  missionaries  have 
pointed  out  four  chief  factors  for  building  a new 
civilization  in  this  danger  zone  of  the  world.  They 
are  the  colleges,  the  churches,  the  philanthropic 
relief  work,  and  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  The  latter  fur- 
nishes a unique  platform  for  the  educated  leaders 
and  points  of  contact,  lines  of  approach,  and  ave- 
nues of  helpful  ministry  for  bringing  together  the 
best  elements  of  all  faiths  for  the  regeneration  and 
reform  of  the  Near  East. 

7.  By'  raising  up  trained  Christian  leaders 

and  providing  a well-tested  program  of  practical 
service,  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  makes  a contribution 


10 


which  exactly  meets  the  fundamental  personal  and 
social  needs  of  these  days  which  are  so  critical  in 
most  countries.  As  a recognized  agency  of  the 
Church,  the  Association  has  for  many  years  exer- 
cised a growing  influence  in  the  world.  Today  it 
works  in  twenty  different  lands  under  the  guidance 
of  196  expert  American  secretaries. 

8.  The  Association  never  enters  a country 
except  at  the  call  of  the  united  missionary  body. 
One  of  the  problems  has  been  to  keep  up  with  the 
calls.  The  language  of  these  calls  is  significant. 

The  first  call  came  from  representatives  of  the 
Protestant  Churches  in  Madras,  India,  in  1888, 
in  the  following  resolution: 

“That  the  Conference  has  heard  with  much  pleasure  of  the 
proposal  on  the  part  of  the  Y.M.C.A’s.  of  America.  Con- 
sidering that  this  Conference  has  on  many  occasions  called 
the  attention  of  the  churches  to  the  existence  of  a well-pre- 
pared field  among  the  educated  non-Christian  young  men 
of  Madras,  and  begged  them  to  send  a special  agency  to  work 
it,  it  regards  this  proposal  as  a providential  response  to  their 
appeals  and  it  will  gratefully  welcome  such  well  qualified, 
thoroughly  trained  agents  as  the  American  Y.M.C.A’s 
propose  to  send  and  it  will  give  them  its  cordial  sympathy 
and  cooperation.” 

The  China  Centenary  Missionary  Conference  at 
Shanghai,  in  1907,  resolved  that: 

“The  Young  Men’s  Christian  Associations  in  helping  to 
win  to  Christ  and  to  the  service  of  the  Church  young  men  in 
cities  and  students  in  China  and  abroad;  in  working  under  the 
leadership  of  the  missionaries  to  stimulate  voluntary  Christian 
effort  among  students  in  Christian  schools  and  colleges;  in 
helping  to  make  these  institutions  recruiting  stations  for  the 
Christian  ministry;  in  preparing  and  publishing  Bible  study 
courses  especially  adapted  to  the  needs  of  young  men;  in 
holding  annual  conferences  for  the  training  of  leaders  and  the 
deepening  of  the  spiritual  life;  and  in  other  ways,  is  providing 
a most  effective  agency  of  the  Church,  and  should  be  extended 
as  opportunity  and  resources  permit,  care  being  taken  in  all 
cases  to  secure  intimate  relations  between  the  Young  Men’s 
Christian  Associations  and  the  other  work  of  the  Church.” 

The  General  Assembly  of  the  Presbyterian 
Church  in  Brazil,  in  1910: 

“Resolved  to  request  the  International  Committee  of 
Y.M.C.A’s  of  New  York,  to  send  out  more  secretaries  for 
the  work  among  Brazilian  young  men.” 

The  Metropolitan  of  Athens,  head  of  the  Greek 
Orthodox  Church,  in  a letter  dated  at  Athens, 
January  16,  1919,  said: 

“Referring  to  our  yesterday’s  conversation  in  regard  to 
Y.M.C.A.  work  in  Greece,  in  the  course  of  which  we  discussed 
the  views  of  persons  of  eminence  in  our  city,  I hope  you  have 
carried  away  the  firm  impression  that  our  country  is 
in  need  of  such  an  organization  for  the  moral  development 
of  the  young  men  and  for  the  systematic  application  of  a 
philanthropic  work,  and  that  we  nave  in  common  the  desire 
to  begin  this  work. 


11 


“I,  myself,  with  many  other  eminent  clergymen  during 
our  trip  to  America,  having  studied  the  organization  and  being 
convinced  by  personal  observation  that  no  conversion  what- 
ever from  dogma  to  dogma  is  intended,  and  that  the  object 
of  their  work  is  philanthropic  and  the  moral  uplift  of  young 
men — have  returned  with  the  decision  to  give  our  full  and 
hearty  support  to  the  establishment  of  simdar  organizations 
in  Greece.  ...  I hope  within  a few  years  people  all  over 
Greece  will  finally  come  to  realize  the  expediency  and  need 
of  the  Y.M.C.A.  work  in  our  country.” 

9.  Dr.  Mott  epitomizes  the  principles  of  the 

World  Work  as  follows: 

1.  This  is  a work  for  men  and  boys  exclusively. 

2.  It  is  by  young  men  for  young  men. 

3.  It  is  a lay  work  in  which  the  laity  is  the 
governing  influence. 

4.  Jesus  Christ,  the  only  divine  Saviour  and 
Lord,  is  the  cornerstone. 

5.  The  Movement  goes  out  to  serve  the  Church 
of  Jesus  Christ. 

0.  It  stands  for  interdenominationalism,  not 
for  undenominationalism. 

7.  The  Movement  recognizes  its  mission  to  all 
classes  of  society. 

8.  It  recognizes  that  its  mission  is  to  the  whole 
man. 

9.  It  stands  for  international  cooperation. 

10.  Its  purpose  is  to  plant  these  principles:  not 
to  do  the  work  ourselves,  but  to  raise  up  a 
native  work. 

10.  Nationally,  the  United  States  and 
Canada  are  under  peculiar  obligation  to  exert 
their  maximum  influence  in  world  affairs  today, 
because  of  their  political  and  social  ideals,  wealth, 
leadership,  and  strength  of  Christian  organization. 
“He  who  has  knowledge  that  is  essential  to  the  wel- 
fare of  his  fellowmen  is  under  solemn  obligation 
to  convey  that  knowledge  to  them,”  truly  says 
Dr.  Arthur  J.  Brown,  the  Oriental  authority. 

11.  To  benefit  the  world,  this  idealism  must 
have  adequate,  dependable  channels  through  which 
to  flow.  It  is  an  accepted  fact  that  such  contacts 
as  diplomacy,  business,  and  general  travel  are  in- 
sufficient and  fundamentally  ineffective  from  a 
Christian  standpoint.  Dr.  William  P.  Merrill 
wrote  of  one  of  these  international  influences: 

“An  army  pushing  its  victorious  advance  finds  one  stubborn 
stronghold  which  resists;  and  it  realizes  that  it  must  capture 
that  one  center  of  resistance  or  its  advance  is  imperiled.  So 
Christianity,  advancing  to  the  control  of  the  world’s  life, 
halts  before  this  great  citadel  of  International  Relationships 
where  pagan  forces  are  still  strongly  intrenched;  and  it  realizes 


12 


that  the  whole  program  and  hope  of  Christian  Redemption 
are  held  back,  thwarted,  imperiled,  until  that  fortress  is 
reduced.” 


12.  The  Y.  M.  C.  A.  has  proved  itself  both 

dependable  and  adequate.  In  the  words  of  Galen 
M.  Fisher,  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  is  engaged  in  “one  of 
the  most  delicate  tasks  in  spiritual  engineering — 
building  bridges  which  shall  join  the  hearts  of  dif- 
ferent races.”  It  is  particularly  useful  and  effec- 
tive in  its  ministry  to  the  three  classes  which  the 
Church  has  asked  it  to  major  upon:  students,  gov- 
ernment officials,  and  business  men.  Is  it  not  sig- 
nificant that  these  three  groups  hold  both  the 
present  and  the  potential  power  controlling  the 
destinies  of  awakening  nations? 

In  view  of  these  facts  does  not  $1,468,780.72 
seem  a paltry  investment  for  Christian  North 
America? 

Today  the  world  calls  us.  Tomorrow  the 
doors  may  close. 


To  stabilize  and  provide  amply  for  this  whole 
budget,  generous  support  is  needed  from  Associa- 
tions and  individuals  who,  viewing  the  entire  'task 
of  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  in  other  lands,  will  be  willing 
to  make  their  gifts  in  proportion  to  the  size  of  the 
whole  undertaking  and  to  have  them  used  without 
restriction. 

Statesmanship  dictates  the  need  of  financial 
response  such  as  the  following. 


2 

at 

$50,000 

= 

$100,000 

4 

U 

25,000 

= 

100,000 

5 

a 

20,000 

= 

100,000 

15 

u 

10,000 

= 

150,000 

25 

u 

5,000 

= 

125,000 

100 

u 

3,000 

= 

300,000 

100 

u 

2,500 

= 

250,000 

100 

u 

1,500 

= 

150,000 

150 

u 

1,000 

= 

150,000 

150 

u 

500 

= 

75,000 

651 


$1,500,000 


13 


The  Work  by  Countries 

South  America  . . . $58,751.00 

1.  “The  continent  of  opportunity,”  South 
America,  has  about  50,000,000  people  in  the  ten 
republics  and  three  European  crown  colonies.  It 
is  fabulously  rich  in  minerals,  forests,  and  agri- 
cultural possibilities,  and  has  the  largest  unexplored 
areas  in  the  world. 

2.  Vast  streams  of  immigration  from  Europe 
and  Asia  will  undoubtedly  pour  into  South  America 
during  the  next  twenty-five  years.  There  in  the 
unrestricted  mingling  of  races  and  nationalities  will 
be  found  a vital  test  of  democracy. 

3.  South  America’s  pre-war  suspicions  of 

imperialistic  tendencies  and  distrust  of  the  Monroe 
Doctrine  of  the  United  States  were,  by  our  entrance 
into  the  War,  transformed  into  an  appreciation  of 
our  real  character  and  motives.  Today  the  high 
tide  of  kindly  feeling  of  these  peoples  toward  the 
United  States  offers  an  unprecedented  opportunity 
for  business  and  for  what  Vanderlip  calls  “impon- 
derable exports  and  imports” — that  mutually 
beneficial  exchange  of  ideas  and  ideals. 

4 The  destinies  of  these  peoples  are  direct- 
ed by  from  ten  to  twenty-five  per  cent  of  their 
population — the  educated  young  men — the  special 
field  of  the  Y.  M.  C.  A. 

5.  The  student  class  is  our  greatest  challenge 
in  South  America.  While  some  university  profes- 
sors believe  they  must  destroy  all  religious  belief, 
the  Association  offers  a virile  gospel  of  service 
which  is  winning  the  strongest  students. 

6.  The  beginnings  of  industry  in  South 
America  have  been  accompanied  by  industrial  un- 
rest, strikes,  and  social  and  economic  problems 
similar  to  our  own.  Babson  says  the  United  States 
needs  religion  to  stabilize  its  industry.  How  much 
greater  is  the  need  for  religion  in  South  America, 
where  utter  lack  of  religious  conviction  precludes 
a basis  for  moral  standards.  Christian  character 
is  the  great  need. 

7.  Generous  support  is  given  by  business  men 
who  back  our  wrork  financially  and  personally. 
Notable  were  the  gifts  of  time  and  money  to  the 
building  funds  of  Rio  de  Janeiro  and  Montevideo, 
the  former  raising  $116,000  in  nine  days,  the 


♦This  amount  is  for  the  continental  supervisory  work  only. 


14 


latter  $100,000  in  fifteen  days.  These  countries 
have  abundant  financial  resources  to  support  their 
own  Associations.  What  they  lack  is  trained 
leadership.  The  United  States  and  Canada  can 
furnish  these  leaders  and  must  support  them  until 
the  foundations  are  secure. 

8.  Community  service  has  a large  place  in 
the  South  American  Association  program.  Play- 
grounds were  introduced  by  it.  Its  anti-illiteracy 
and  thrift  campaigns  have  stimulated  governments 
to  action.  During  epidemics  it  has  helped  organize 
and  carry  on  public  relief.  The  President  of  Bra- 
zil was  particularly  impressed  by  the  effective 
service  of  the  Rio  de  Janeiro  and  Sao  Paulo  Associa- 
tions during  the  1919  influenza  epidemic. 

9.  Confidence  in  its  leadership  makes  lead- 
ing statesmen,  professional  men,  and  men  of  af- 
fairs friends  of  the  Association.  Gastao  da  Cunha, 
Brazilian  Ambassador  to  Portugal,  said: 

“When  for  the  first  time  I heard  of  the  Young  Men’s  Chris- 
tian Association  in  Brazil  I felt  it  my  duty  to  hold  myself 
aloof  from  it,  as  I feared  its  proselytizing  character,  for  1 am 
a devout  Roman  Catholic.  But,  as  I came  to  know  more  of 
its  work,  and  came  in  contact  with  its  leaders,  I became  an 
enthusiastic  supporter.” 

10.  The  Panama  Congress  on  Christian 
Work  in  Latin  America  in  1916  called  on  the  Young 
Men’s  Christian  Association,  “which  is  measurably 
free  from  any  suspicion  of  sectarian  propaganda” 
and  has  “special  opportunities  in  colleges,”  to  ex- 
tend its  work  into  government  schools  and  other 
strategic  centers.  Twenty-six  cities  were  selected 
in  which  model  Associations  should  be  organized. 
This  would  require  a staff  of  seventy-five  secreta- 
ries and  physical  directors.  Today  the  Association 
has  twenty  secretaries  in  eight  cities  of  four  coun- 
tries. 


11.  A Continental  Federation  unites  all  the 
Associations  of  South  America.  There  is  a staff 
of  four  American  and  two  Latin  continental  sec- 
retaries. Headquarters  and  Training  School  are  in 
Montevideo,  Uruguay. 

For  the  support  of  the  continental  work,  including 
the  maintenance  of  the  Training  School,  $58,751  is 
needed. 


Suggested  subscriptions: 

2 at  $10,000  = $20,000 

4 “ 5,000  = 20,000 

5 “ 3,000  = 15,000 

1 “ 1,500  = 1,500 

2 “ 1,000  = 2,000 


14 


*58,500 


15 


Argentina  ....  $15,650.00 

1.  With  an  area  about  one-third  that  of  the 
United  States,  Argentina  has  a population  of 
9,574,000.  Buenos  Aires,  the  capital  and  metropo- 
lis, has  over  1,500,000.  Cattle  and  wheat  are  the 
two  principal  products.  American  packing  com- 
panies are  heavily  interested. 

2.  The  Y.  M.  C.  A.  was  begun  in  1901 
among  the  students  of  the  University  of  Buenos 
Aires.  The  next  year  the  city  Association  was  or- 
ganized. There  are  now  five  American  secretaries, 
two  of  them  supported  locally,  and  thirteen  Ar- 
gentine secretaries,  five  of  them  “university  men 
who  have  caught  the  spirit  of  service,  have  come 
to  be  men  of  faith  in  God,  and  given  their  lives  to 
the  Movement.”  There  are  forty-six  other  em- 
ployes. The  Physical  Department  trained  a young 
Czech  who  has  become  the  Association  physical 
director  in  Valparaiso,  Chile.  The  1918  budget 
was  $63,000,  all  of  which  was  secured  in  Buenos 
Aires. 

3.  Of  the  2,780  members,  779  are  students; 
eighty-five  per  cent  are  Argentines.  There  is 
usually  a waiting  list  of  from  100  to  500  because  the 
building,  completed  in  1912  and  supplemented  by 
4,000  square  feet  in  an  adjoining  building,  cannot 
accommodate  all  who  would  be  members.  Of  the 
2,400  members  who  are  Latins,  1 ,058  indicated  they 
are  Roman  Catholics,  202  “Christian”  (meaning 
Roman  Catholic),  130  Evangelicals,  155  scattering, 
474  “nothing.”  There  are  more  than  400  boys  in  the 
membership,  work  for  whom  has  been  limited  by 
lack  of  equipment  to  physical  work  twice  a week 
and  a fifteen-minute  character  talk. 

4.  The  field  of  the  Student  Association  is 

25,500  university  and  high-school  men.  “Socially 
and  morally  their  chief  constructive  ally  is  the 
Young  Men’s  Christian  Association.  Through  a 
social  service  movement  enrolling  over  100  leading 
students  the  Association  is  turning  the  attention  of 
this  generation  of  students  to  a serious  considera- 
tion of  the  social  and  moral  problems  of  the  nation.” 
Cooperation  is  given  to  various  government  and 
private  social  agencies. 

Suggested  subscriptions : 

2 at  S3, 000  = $6,000 

3 “ 1,500  = 4,500 

3 “ 1,000  = 3,000 

4 “ 500  = 2,000 


12 


$15,500 


16 


Brazil $54,457.82 

1.  Larger  than  the  United  States,  Brazil’s 
population  is  only  26,542,402.  Three-fourths  of 
the  world’s  coffee  and  one-half  of  its  supply  of 
rubber  are  produced  in  Brazil.  Other  products 
are  cocoa,  tea,  nuts,  cabinet-woods,  and  cattle. 

2.  The  first  Y.  M.  C.  A.  in  South  America 

was  organized  in  Rio  de  Janeiro,  the  capital  of 
Brazil,  in  1891.  Today  there  are  four  Associations 
with  eight  American  and  eight  Brazilian  secretaries. 

3.  The  membership  of  the  four  Associations 
totals  5,332.  A recent  campaign  in  Sao  Paulo 
brought  in  1,057  members,  notwithstanding  the 
fact  that  the  Association  has  nothing  like  adequate 
equipment  and  only  one  American  secretary.  Two 
American  physical  directors  are  sailing  early  this 
year  in  response  to  urgent  requests  for  their  help 
in  Recife  and  Sao  Paulo. 

4.  The  only  Association  building  is  in  Rio, 
and  this  is  to  be  replaced  by  a modern  structure 
for  which  $116,000  was  raised  in  nine  days,  two 
years  ago,  to  claim  a gift  of  like  amount  from  the 
United  States.  The  other  Associations  must  have 
buildings  soon. 

5.  For  the  Brazilian  Navy  the  Association 
gave  two  lectures  on  sex  hygiene  attended  by  every 
officer  and  man,  including  Admiral  Frontin,  who 
later  borrowed  the  plates  and  issued  a special 
Navy  edition  of  one  of  our  pamphlets  on  the  subject. 
At  a reception  given  by  the  Rio  Association  to  the 
Brazilian  fleet  returning  from  the  War,  Admiral 
Frontin  said  that  after  the  Association  introduced 
its  program  of  games  the  men  who  formerly  did 
everything  to  escape  drill,  caught  the  spirit. 
“And  thus  did  the  Association  do  much  to  promote 
a better  morale  among  the  men.” 

6.  Brazil’s  two  leading  statesmen,  Dr.  Ruy 
Barbosa  and  Dr.  Jose  Carlos  Rodrigues,  agree  that 
the  War  has  brought  to  many  minds  a more  serious 
attitude  toward  religion.  The  resulting  question- 
ing of  the  old  materialistic  views  and  greater 
readiness  to  give  a fair  hearing  to  things  spiritual 
constitute,  after  all,  the  great  imperative  chal- 
lenge to  the  Association. 

Suggested  subscriptions: 


1 

at 

$5,000  = 

$5,000 

5 

U 

3,000  = 

15,000 

10 

a 

1 ,500  = 

15,000 

12 

u 

1,000  = 

12,000 

15 

u 

500  = 

7,500 

43 


$54,500 


17 


Chile $9,796.18 

1.  Extending  1500  miles  along  the  western 
coast  of  South  America,  Chile  has  an  area  and 
population  equaling  the  states  of  California,  Ore- 
gon, and  Washington.  The  wealth  of  the  country 
is  chiefly  in  its  minerals.  The  nitrates  alone  ex- 
ported from  the  northern  deserts  in  1915  were 
valued  at  $70,388,385.  Mining,  agriculture,  and 
timber  follow  in  the  order  named. 

2.  The  Y.  M.  C.  A.  began  in  Valparaiso  in 
1910.  In  1917  a secretary  began  to  establish  stu- 
dent work  in  Santiago,  the  capital  and  seat  of  the 
National  University  from  which  have  graduated 
all  of  Chile’s  political,  professional,  and  business 
leaders. 


3.  Valparaiso  Association  is  backed  by 

missionaries,  pastors,  government  officials,  labor 
federation  leaders,  student  leaders,  business  and 
professional  men.  Seventy-four  per  cent  of  the 
expenses  are  paid  by  the  members  themselves.  The 
balance,  $4,944,  is  given  by  the  business  houses. 

4.  One  young  man  said  to  the  secretary: 

“I  know  of  ten  young  men  who  have  told  me  that  they 
are  saving  100  pesos  a month  by  belonging  to  the  Associa- 
tion. The  reason — if  they  did  not  come  to  the  Association 
they  would  go  to  the  bar  after  work  and  shake  cocktails. 
Three  or  four  evenings  a week  at  the  bar  would  soon  make 
the  hundred  pesos.  Besides,  after  gym  class,  bowling  game, 
or  other  form  of  recreation  at  the  Association  one  sleeps  bet- 
ter and  is  better  fit  for  work  the  next  day.” 

Three  hundred  and  fifty  members  subscribed 
to  this  test.  One  man  who  knows  says,  “I  am  sure 
that  at  least  150  of  these  men  have  quit  drinking 
and  are  leading  clean  lives  since  they  joined  the 
Association.”  There  are  30,000  young  men  in 
Valparaiso  to  whom  the  Association’s  influence 
should  be  extended. 

Suggested  subscriptions: 

1 at  $5,000  = $5,000 

1 “ 3,000  = 3,000 

2 “ 1,000  = 2,000 

4 $10,000 

Peru $5,685.00 

1.  The  land  of  the  Incas  is  about  as  big  as  the 
United  States  east  of  the  Mississippi,  and  has  a 
population  of  about  5,000,000,  largely  the  descen- 
dants of  the  old  Spanish  conquerors  and  the  Indians 
who  still  mourn  the  glories  of  their  past.  Formerly 
the  most  important  of  the  Spanish  viceroyalties 


18 


in  South  America,  Peru  is  very  rich  in  minerals  and 
agricultural  possibilities.  The  principal  exports 
are  cocoa,  rubber,  coffee,  copper,  silver,  and 
petroleum.  Trade  with  the  United  States  exceeds 
that  with  all  the  rest  of  the  world. 

2.  For  nearly  two  decades  the  Y.  M.  C.  A. 
has  been  pressed  to  establish  work  in  Lima,  the 
national  capital,  which  is  called  “The  City  of 
Kings.”  From  this  “central  metropolis  of  the 
Andes,”  one  of  the  oldest  universities  in  the 
Western  hemisphere  sends  its  graduates  far  and 
wide  through  Latin  America. 

3.  The  first  Y.  M.  C.  A.  secretary  will  begin 
work  in  Lima  this  year.  He  is  assured  of  a cordial 
welcome  and  adequate  support,  163  leading  business 
men  having  only  recently  renewed  the  urgent  peti- 
tion on  behalf  of  the  young  men  of  their  city.  A 
physical  director  should  also  be  sent  this  year  to 
cooperate  with  Carlos  Caceres,  a young  Peruvian 
who,  catching  a vision  of  what  physical  education 
might  mean  to  his  country,  has  studied  for  two 
years  at  Springfield  Training  School  and  is  re- 
turning this  year  as  Director  of  Physical  Education 
for  the  Peruvian  Government. 

Suggested  subscriptions: 

2 at  $3,000  = $6,000 

Uruguay  .....  $9,385.00 

1.  “The  Switzerland  of  South  America,” 

Uruguay  is  the  smallest  of  the  ten  republics,  having 
only  72,153  square  miles  and  a population  of 
1,378,808,  one  quarter  of  whom  live  in  Montevideo, 
the  capital.  An  agricultural  country,  the  principal 
products  are  wheat,  cotton,  linseed,  cattle,  horses, 
mules,  wine,  tobacco,  and  olives. 

2.  The  Y.  M.  C.  A.  was  started  in  1908  in 

Montevideo.  The  membership  is  small — only 
550 — because  of  the  small  rented  quarters.  These 
are  to  be  replaced  with  a new  modern  building  on 
one  of  the  principal  streets,  $100,000  for  which  was 
raised  in  a short  popular  campaign  in  1917.  This 
was  the  first  demonstration  of  popular  giving 
through  an  organized  campaign  in  South  America, 
most  South  American  philanthropiesformerly  having 
been  secured  from  the  governments  or  proceeds 
from  lotteries.  The  Association  building  campaign 
plan  and  organization  were  later  adopted  by  the 
leaders  of  the  various  war  work  funds  for  which 
hundreds  of  thousands  of  dollars  were  raised. 

3.  The  development  of  playgrounds  is  per- 
haps the  greatest  contribution  of  the  Association 


19 


to  the  national  life.  Through  the  cooperation 
of  a National  Committee  on  Public  Health  and 
J.  T.  Hopkins,  former  Y.  M.  C.  A.  physical  direc- 
tor at  Montevideo,  now  continental  physical  di- 
rector, eleven  playgrounds  are  now  functioning  in 
Montevideo  and  other  cities  are  establishing  them. 

Suggested  subscriptions : 


1 

at 

$3,000  = 

$3,000 

1 

U 

1,500  = 

1,500 

2 

u 

1,000  = 

2,000 

6 

u 

500  = 

3,000 

10 

$9,500 

China $618,370.03 

1.  One-fourth  of  the  human  race  lives  in 
China,  the  largest  single  homogeneous  mass  of 
humanity  in  the  world. 

2.  China’s  mineral  resources  rival  those  of 
the  United  States.  Her  coal  is  inexhaustible.  Her 
iron  ore  deposits  contain  more  than  750,000,000 
tons.  She  has  a monopoly  of  antimony,  and  great 
quantities  of  salt  and  natural  gas. 

3.  This  ancient  nation  whose  history  ante- 
dates that  of  Greece,  Babylonia,  and  Egypt,  and 
whose  culture  has  influenced  the  whole  of  Asia 
as  that  of  Greece  influenced  Europe,  is  today  at  the 
crisis  of  her  history. 

Former  American  Minister  to  China  Reinsch 
wrote: 

“There  have  been  many  great  crises  in  history,  but  none 
comparable  to  the  drama  which  is  now  being  enacted  in  the 
Far  East,  and  upon  the  outcome  of  which  depends  the  wel- 
fare, not  only  of  a country  or  of  a section  of  the  race,  but  of 
mankind.” 

4.  China  has  confidence  in  America,  and 

is  asking  for  our  help.  Dr.  Wellington  Koo, 
China’s  Ambassador  at  Washington,  said: 

“China  trusts  the  United  States  because  the  American  flag 
has  never  floated  over  anything  in  China  more  worldly  than 
a schoolhouse  or  a hospital.” 

5.  The  Church  called  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  to  aid 
in  reaching  three  strategic  groups — the  officials, 
students,  and  business  men.  The  China  Centenary 
Missionary  Conference  held  in  Shanghai  in  1907, 
adopted  the  resolution  given  on  page  10. 

6.  The  practicability  of  the  program  of 

the  Association  in  China  is  evidenced  by: 

a.  The  number  of  Associations — 187  (28  city, 
159  student). 

b.  The  secretarial  leadership — 108  foreigners 


20 


(86  supported  by  American  Associations  and  22 
allocated  by  Mission  Boards)  and  over  300  able 
Chinese  secretaries. 

c.  The  Y.  M.  C.  A.  in  China  is  an  autonomous 
movement,  being  entirely  self-directing  through 
national  and  local  committees  of  Chinese.  In  1918 
they  raised  for  current  expenses  $500,000.  The 
local  work  is  completely  self-supporting.  In  the 
United  War  Work  Fund  campaign  of  1918,  asked 
for  $100,000,  China  gave  $1,426,996,  as  an  evidence 
of  her  friendship  for  America,  and  to  a considerable 
extent  as  an  expression  of  her  appreciation  of  the 
Y.  M.  C.  A. 

d.  In  1919  the  student  Associations  enrolled 
8,270  in  Bible  classes,  and  there  were  3,370  active 
personal  workers,  and  1,560  decisions  for  the 
Christian  life. 

e.  The  city  Associations  enrolled  in  Bible  study 
9,548  men  and  boys,  and  in  educational  classes 
8,074. 

7.  Who  are  the  members?  Better  proof  could 
not  be  found  of  the  varied  contacts  of  foreign  Associ- 
ations than  this  analysis  of  the  membership  of  one 
of  our  Association’s  1,290  members: 


Students 

510 

Lawyers 

29 

Business  men 

294 

Laborers 

28 

Teachers  and  Literati 

114 

Military  officers 

25 

Officials 

89 

Christian  workers 

21 

Physicians 

37 

Engineers 

21 

Clerks 

36 

Miscellaneous 

42 

Railway  and  Post  Office 

employes 

34 

Less  than  100  of  these  men  are  Christians. 
Among  the  others  are  many  whose  only  contact 
with  Christianity  or  Christian  people  is  in  the 
Y.  M.  C.  A. 

8.  The  Y.  M.  C.  A.  a pioneer  in  China. 

It  first  taught  students  to  play  games. 

It  conducted  the  first  athletic  field  meet. 

It  erected  the  first  modern  gymnasium  for  Chinese. 

It  built  the  only  swimming  pool  for  Chinese. 

It  trained  the  first  playground  directors  in  China . 

It  opened  the  first  nignt  schools. 

It  developed  the  first  all-round  work  for  boys. 

It  opened  the  first  supervised  game  room  for  boys. 

It  conducted  the  first  national  lecture  campaign. 

It  is  the  first  missionary  enterprise  to  become  self-supporting 
and  put  its  work  under  the  control  of  the  Chinese. 

9.  China’s  age-old  respect  for  the  printed 
page  is  used  to  advantage.  In  1918  Association 
Press  of  China  sold  599,818  books  and  pamphlets, 
containing  14,411,183  pages.  The  official  monthly 
organ  of  the  Association,  Association  Progress,  is 
read  by  the  leaders  of  the  country. 


21 


10.  Opinions  of  men  who  know. 

Dr.  J.  A.  Macdonald,  editor  of  the  Toronto 
Globe: 

“The  world  cannot  be  made  safe  for  democracy  until  China 
has  been  made  safe  for  its  own  peaceful  peoples,  and  for  all 
law-abiding  strangers.” 

Millard’s  Review,  one  of  the  leading  weeklies 
published  in  the  Far  East: 

“One  of  the  most  important  influences  for  good  among  the 
Chinese  is  the  Young  Men’s  Christian  Association.” 

C.  Bertrand  Thompson,  Efficiency  Expert, 
Harvard  University  Graduate  School  of  Business 
Administration: 

“After  traveling  about  China  and  seeing  the  various  orga- 
nizations out  here,  I have  come  to  the  conclusion  that  your 
work  is  one  of  the  best  organized  and  most  efficient  institutions 
I have  seen  in  China,  or  anywhere  in  the  world  for  that 
matter.” 

Hon.  Amos  P.  Wilder,  United  States  Consul- 
General  at  Shanghai: 

“The  Young  Men’s  Christian  Association  is  at  its  best  in 
the  cities  of  China;  it  attracts  to  its  membership  young  men, 
many  of  whom  will  be  leaders  in  the  new  order. 

“Viewed  as  a financial  investment,  the  support  of  these 
centers  should  appeal  to  business  men  who  wish  to  see  the 
leaven  of  progress  injected  into  China. 

“To  those  who  consider  religious  value,  the  diverting  of  these 
potential  Chinese  lads — many  of  them  from  a setting  of  deceit, 
vice,  and  selfish  comfort  to  the  standards  that  culminate  in 
reverent,  modest,  frank  Christian  manhood — eager  to  rush 
to  the  needs  of  the  Chinese  people,  this  is  the  supreme  thing. 
To  see  the  West  and  East  thus  conferring  together  has  brought 
the  tears  more  than  once  to  my  own  eyes.  During  the  eight 
years  I have  been  in  China  I have  seen  the  Association  in 
operation.  I fail  to  convey  my  meaning  unless  it  is  under- 
stood that  the  Association  Movement  in  China  is  one  of  the 
major  forces  in  Asia — ranking  in  significance  with  Perry’s 
opening  of  Japan.” 

11.  “Christianity  only  can  solve  China’s 
problems.  May  our  generation  be  wise  enough  to 
grasp  this  fully  and  pay  the  price.”  The  Y.M.C.  A. 
is  peculiarly  adapted  to  interpret  the  principles 
of  Christianity  to  China.  Its  service  should  be 
strengthened  and  rapidly  extended  to  all  the  great 
centers  of  influence  in  this  nation. 

Suggested  subscriptions : 


2 

at 

$25,000 

= 

$ 50,000 

5 

a 

20,000 

= 

$100,000 

5 

u 

15,000 

= 

75,000 

10 

u 

10,000 

= 

100,000 

15 

u 

5,000 

= 

75,000 

40 

a 

3,000 

= 

120,000 

20 

a 

1,500 

= 

30,000 

35 

u 

1,000 

= 

35,000 

67 

u 

500 

= 

33,500 

199 


$618,500 


22 


Cuba $5,139.91 

1.  Cuba,  with  44,215  square  miles,  has  a 
population  a little  greater  than  the  State  of  New 
Jersey,  3,627,536.  The  principal  products  are 
sugar,  tobacco,  coffee,  cocoa,  potatoes,  and  fruits, 
though  minerals  and  timber  add  largely  to  the 
exports. 

2.  The  Y.  M.  C.  A.  was  organized  in  Havana 
in  1904.  Havana  is  a city  of  magnificent  clubs, 
the  life  insurance,  entertainment  and  other  fea- 
tures of  which  attract  thousands  of  members. 
Two  of  them  have  as  many  as  30,000  members. 
Notwithstanding  these  handicaps  the  Association 
has  steadily  grown.  Its  new  building  opened  in 
1915  is  already  hopelessly  outgrown. 

3.  Service  to  men  of  many  tongues  and 

colors,  including  many  from  our  own  country,  is 
one  of  the  features  of  our  work  in  Havana,  the 
Association  having  to  take  the  place  of  seamen’s 
mission,  the  Salvation  Army,  and  similar  organiza- 
tions, no  one  of  which  exists  in  the  city. 

4.  The  Havana  staff  has  been  strengthened  by 
the  addition  of  two  American  and  two  Cuban 
secretaries  supported  locally.  Under  their  leader- 
ship the  work  is  steadily  advancing.  President 
Menocal,  the  United  Railways  of  Cuba,  the  Munson 
Steamship  Line,  and  the  Cuban-American  Sugar 
Company  each  contribute  $500  annually  for  current 
expenses  as  an  expression  of  their  appreciation  of 
what  the  Association  means  to  the  island.  The 
Association  has  lent  its  aid  in  many  union  church 
projects  and  has  served  the  community’’  by  furnish- 
ing leadership  in  War  Work.  The  president  of  the 
Association  was  a Y.  M.  C.  A.  War  Work  secre- 
tary in  Italy. 

Suggested  subscriptions: 

Some  one  Association  or  individual  should  provide  the 
whole  amount  for  work  in  Cuba,  $5,139.91. 


East  Africa  ....  (See  note  below) 

1.  The  War  in  East  Africa  (British,  ex-Ger- 
man, and  Portuguese  territories)  caused  a mobiliz- 
ation of  1,500,000  Negro  soldiers  and  porters  from 
every’  part  of  “the  dark  continent.”  Unfortunately 
many  thousands  of  them  had  their  first  contact 
with  white  men  under  the  most  unfavorable  con- 
ditions. The  false  impressions  of  civilization  then 
created  must  now  be  rectified  among  a people  who 
arc  more  accessible  and  plastic  than  ever  before. 


23 


2.  The  Association  brought  recreation,  ele- 
mentary education,  and  religious  training  to  many 
thousands  of  Negroes  in  the  native  camps.  In- 
dustrial training  was  introduced,  and  it  is  now 
proposed  to  establish  permanently  this  form  of 
Christian  work.  The  influences  of  a crude  Moham- 
medanism and  the  worst  forms  of  paganism  should 
not  remain  unchallenged. 

3.  Seven  American  colored  secretaries  were 
engaged  in  this  work  during  the  War.  Two  of  them 
were  lost  in  a drowning  accident  and  two  others 
returned  shattered  in  health  through  their  unselfish 
service  under  trying  climatic  conditions. 

4.  Primary  responsibility  for  all  V.  M.  C.  A. 
work  in  East  Africa  rests  with  the  British  National 
Council.  Because  of  the  availability  of  Max 
Yergan,  who  directed  the  work  among  the  Africans 
during  the  War,  and  the  appropriateness  of  having 
the  American  colored  Associations,  city  and  student, 
supporting  that  work,  the  International  Committee 
by  joint  arrangement  with  the  British  National 
Council  is  sending  Max  Yergan  to  pioneer  this  new 
venture  in  Association  work.  This  field  will  provide 
an  attractive  opportunity  for  investment  of  life  and 
money  on  the  part  of  colored  men  of  America. 

NOTE:  The  colored  Associations  of  the  United  States 
are  raising  $5,000,  which  is  not  in  the  adopted  budget,  in 
order  to  begin  work  in  East  Africa. 


Hongkong  ....  $19,078.00 

1.  Hongkong  is  not  a part  of  the  Chinese  Re- 
public. It  is  a British  Crown  Colony.  The  popu- 
lation is  overwhelmingly  Chinese,  though  there  are 
nearly  12,000  Europeans  and  Americans. 

2.  One  of  the  leading  ports  of  the  world, 

Hongkong  is  the  distributing  center  for  shipping 
for  China,  Japan,  the  Philippines,  the  East  Indies, 
Australia,  the  Strait  Settlements,  and  India.  It  is 
an  important  industrial  center,  cotton-spinning, 
sugar-refining,  ship-building,  rope-making,  and 
brewing  being  the  chief  industries. 

3.  Hongkong  has  been  a haven  for  progres- 
sive Chinese  who  in  the  past  have  found  their  own 
country  uncomfortable.  They  have  built  up 
strong  business  houses  and  to  a considerable  extent 
influence  progressive  movements  in  China. 

4.  The  Y.  M.  C.  A.  began  in  Hongkong  in 
1899.  Today  there  is  a small  work  for  Europeans, 
but  the  principal  work  is  for  the  Chinese.  There 
are  two  Association  buildings;  the  new  one  opened 


24 


in  1918  cost  $80,000.  The  membership  is  nearly 
3,000.  The  Tenth  Annual  Membership  Campaign 
of  March,  1919,  broke  all  records  in  China,  bringing 
in  2,369  members  and  fees  totaling  $30,117. 

5.  Among  its  most  effective  work  is  that  for 

boys  and  younger  students,  including  a hostel,  a 
day  school  for  employed  boys,  playgrounds,  and 
branch  student  Associations  in  the  various  schools. 
The  Association  has  cooperated  in  promoting  the 
Boy  Scouts  in  the  Sunday  schools. 

6.  Association  work  must  be  continued  and 

strengthened  in  Hongkong  because  of  the  powerful 
influences — social,  economic,  political,  religious — 
which  radiate  from  this  strategic  center  throughout 
the  whole  Orient. 

Suggested  subscriptions : 

2 at  $5,000  = $10,000 

3 “ 3,000  = 9,000 

5 $19,000 

India  and  Ceylon  . $221,612.80 

1.  One-fifth  of  the  human  race  lives  in 
India,  which  has  an  area  about  three-fourths  that 
of  continental  United  States.  They  have  a glorious 
past. 

2.  The  war  aroused  India. 

“Today  interested  in  democracy  and  social  freedom,  India 
is  searching  for  a new  basis  of  life  not  found  in  her  old  reli- 
gions. Tides  and  currents  of  new  thought  and  life  are  sweep- 
ing through  the  country — political,  social,  economic,  moral, 
religious.  The  problem  is  baffling.  With  nine-tenths  of 
the  people  in  blank  illiteracy  and  divided  between  a dozen 
faiths,  147  languages,  as  many  races,  and  over  2,000  different 
castes,  the  educated  leaders  are  demanding  self-government. 
The  problem  is,  Can  the  non-Christian  faiths  produce  the 
honesty,  efficiency,  unity  and  leadership  necessary  for  respon- 
sible government?”  (Sherwood  Eddy.) 

3.  “Can  our  leaders  be  trusted  with  power?” 
is  the  question  of  thoughtful  men  on  the  threshold 
of  large  political  developments  in  which  the 
average  man  is  to  have  an  increasing  share  in  his 
own  government.  The  need  for  moral  character 
has  a peculiar  sharpness  just  now  in  India. 

4.  India  offers  not  merely  opportunities  to 

the  Y.  M.  C.  A.,  but  makes  demands  upon  it. 
Gone  is  the  day  when  the  Association  can  pick  and 
choose  and  restrict  itself.  Its  war  service  has 
introduced  it  to  the  whole  country  and  made  it  a 
national  force.  People  demand  that  it  shall  go 
forward.  “No  slow  moving,  indecisive,  safety- 
first  institution  can  keep  its  place  today  in  the 
rapidly  moving  procession  in  India.” 


25 


5.  University  students  now  number  over 
60,000.  Among  the  non-Christian  students  the 
Association  has  a peculiarly  effective  service. 
National  General  Secretary  K.  T.  Paul  says: 

“If  the  Indian  student  tends  to  fall  an  easy  prey  to  wild 
ideas  and  unscrupulous  men,  it  is  at  least  partly  because  too 
often  there  is  no  one  at  hand  with  sufficient  freedom  from 
other  duties  to  devote  himself  to  the  task  of  being  his  friend.” 

We  should  send  immediately  from  fifteen  to 
twenty  new  student  secretaries  to  work  in  the  great 
student  centers. 

6.  The  production  of  Christian  literature 

at  once  sympathetic  and  scholarly,  under  the  very 
able  leadership  of  Dr.  J.  N.  Farquhar,  is  one  of  the 
Association’s  greatest  services.  “It  is  a vital,  in- 
dispensable element  in  winning  India  for  Christ.” 
(See  page  51.) 

7.  In  her  730,000  villages  live  97  per  cent  of 
India’s  330,000,000  people.  The  Association  is 
successfully  combating  the  “Five  Big  D’s  of  rural 
life:  debt,  dirt,  disease,  drunkenness,  demons.” 
This  rural  work  serves  the  Church  by  serving  its 
young  men  in  the  villages,  and  by  enlisting  and 
training  educated  young  men  and  putting  them  at 
the  disposal  of  missions  and  churches.  (See  page 
46.) 

8.  The  new  industrialism  in  a country  so 
predominantly  agricultural  is  fraught  with  grave 
dangers:  excessive  hours,  illiteracy,  bad  housing, 
infectious  diseases.  The  resulting  moral  effects 
are  often  unspeakable.  Labor  troubles  have  begun; 
strikes  are  becoming  common;  agitators  are  begin- 
ning a new  calling.  Here  is  a clear  ^all  for  the 
Association’s  experience  in  industry.  (See  page 
42.) 

9.  In  physical  education  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  is 
leading.  The  pioneer  work  is  done.  The  play- 
ground movement  has  been  initiated,  demonstra- 
ted, and  is  now  spreading.  City  authorities  are 
calling  for  play  leadership.  The  Association  in 
cooperation  with  governments  and  missions  is 
teaching  school  physical  directors  simple  programs 
of  recreation,  games,  and  sex  hygiene. 

The  Gaekwar  of  Baroda,  one  of  the  outstanding 
Hindu  rulers,  said: 

“I  know  about  the  work  of  the  Young  Men’s  Christian 
Association.  It  is  a good  work,  a religious  and  a Christian 
work.  I am  anxious  that  my  people  should  have  the  benefit 
of  it.  I will  pay  one-third  of  the  salary  and  expenses  of  an 
American  Association  physical  director  if  he  will  give  one- 
third  of  his  time  to  my  government  schools.” 

And  there  are  ten  other  similar  unanswered  calls. 

10.  In  twenty-five  cities  there  are  seventy- 
three  Association  branches  and  108  paid  secretaries. 


26 

The  service  includes  night  schools,  hospital  visita- 
tion, sanitation,  temperance  work,  sex  hygiene, 
games,  social  study  classes,  exhibits,  community 
service  with  municipalities,  social  service  leagues, 
Boy  Scout  and  playground  movements.  There 
are  also  about  150  small  town  Associations. 

The  total  Association  staff  in  1919  numbered 
319  secretaries,  of  whom  157  were  Indians.  Of 
the  total,  107  Indians  and  sixty-two  foreigners  were 
in  the  army  work  in  India  and  overseas.  The 
need  is  for  more  and  better  secretaries.  The  War 
Work  has  discovered  the  great  world  to  young 
Indian  Christians,  and  they  have  learned  the  joy 
of  service.  The  Association  must  direct  their 
future  service. 

11.  What  leaders  think  of  the  Association. 

Dr.  Haridhan  Dutt,  leading  physician  and 
municipal  councilor  of  Calcutta: 

“I  am  a Hindu,  but  if  this  is  practical  Christianity,  and 
I believe  it  is,  we  want  more  of  it.” 

Lord  Willingdon,  Governor  of  Madras,  while 
Governor  of  Bombay  was  honorary  president  of 
the  Bombay  Association,  and  said  in  a public 
address: 

“No  other  Association  did  so  much  as  ours  to  bring  the 
British  and  Indians  together.” 

The  Englishman,  one  of  the  leading  newspapers, 
in  a long  editorial  about  the  work  of  the  Y.  M.  C.  A. 
said: 

“There  is  no  other  organization  that  we  know  of,  whether 
in  India  or  out  of  it,  which  has  either  the  ideals  or  the  men 
better  capabjc  of  taking  advantage  of  the  new  longings  and 
aspirations  which  are  afloat  to  lead  mankind  to  a wholesome 
and  sane  goal.” 

12.  The  Y.  M.  C.  A.  is  an  indigenous  self- 

supporting,  autonomous  movement.  Two  of  its 
secretaries,  K.  T.  Paul,  General  Secretary  of  the 
National  Council,  and  Dr.  S.  K.  Datta,  head  of  the 
Training  School,  are  acknowledged  among  India’s 
half  dozen  strongest  Christian  leaders.  They  call 
on  America  for  additional  help  in  pioneering  new 
phases  of  work  and  training  their  fellow  Indian 
secretaries. 

Suggested  subscriptions: 


1 

at  $25,000 

= $25,000 

1 

“ 20,000 

= 20,000 

4 

“ 10,000 

= 40,000 

10 

“ 5,000 

= 50,000 

10 

“ 3 ,000 

= 30,000 

15 

“ 1,500 

= 22,500 

20 

“ 1 ,000 

= 20,000 
= 14,000 

. $221,500 

28 

89 

“ 500 

27 


The  Japanese  Empire  . $98,859.10 

1.  Japan  is  leading  llie  Orient.  For  better 
or  for  worse  she  is  shaping  the  destinies  of  Asia. 
Docs  not  Christian  strategy  and  statesmanship  re- 
quire that  where  vast  issues  are  at  stake  large  in- 
vestments of  Christian  leadership  and  institutions 
should  be  made? 

2.  How  to  feed  her  83,000,000  people,  is 

Japan’s  most  difficult  problem.  With  only  about 
one-eighth  of  her  land  arable  and  the  population  in- 
creasing about  700,000  annually,  economic  pressure 
has  forced  Japan  into  industry.  Japan  lacks  those 
natural  resources  fundamental  to  industry — coal 
and  iron — which  her  neighbors  have  in  abundance. 

During  the  war  Japan  took  over  Germany’s 
trade  in  the  Far  East  and  southern  Asia  and  began 
to  divide  the  field  with  France  and  even  England. 
A few  scores  of  men  became  suddenly  wealthy, 
while  for  the  mass  of  the  people  the  struggle  for 
existence  became  increasingly  difficult,  the  price 
of  rice,  their  chief  food,  clothing,  and  fuel  having 
trebled  during  the  War. 

3.  The  democratic-liberal  movement  must 
be  strengthened  to  save  Japan  from  going  on  the 
rocks  herself,  and  becoming  a menace  to  all  Asia 
and  the  world:  Christianity  is  the  mainspring  of 
this  movement. 

4.  All  Christian  work  in  Japan  is  suffering 
from  lack  of  leaders:  the  Association  is  developing 
them. 


5.  Social  conditions  are  nearing  a crisis. 

Christian  principles  among  both  employers  and  em- 
ployes are  indispensable  for  a right  solution.  “The 
transversion  from  agriculture  to  industry;  the 
tramp  city-ward  of  the  country  population;  the 
massing  of  workers  in  high-powered  mills;  the  di- 
version of  the  worker  into  the  pitiless  competition 
of  the  open  labor  market;  the  creation  of  intensive 
and  terrible  slums;  the  exploitation  of  womanhood 
and  childhood  through  an  unsupervised  factory 
system;  the  utter  helplessness  of  labor  in  the  hands 
of  capital,  having  neither  the  right  to  vote,  to 
combine,  nor  to  strike;  a society  lacking  in  social 
conscience,  in  a sense  of  responsibility,  and  in  train- 
ing for  caring  for  social  evils: — these  are  some  of  the 
problems  which  involve  the  life  or  death  of  the 
Empire.”  These  constitute  a clear  call  for  the 
Y.  M.  C.  A.  to  lead  in  this  field  of  service. 

6.  The  first  industrial  Y.  M.  C.  A.  in  Japan 

was  organized  during  the  past  year  in  the  midst  of 


28 


Tokio’s  “East  Side,”  the  rent  of  a house  and  half 
an  acre  of  ground  being  paid  from  funds  subscribed 
by  Japanese  factory  men.  This  service  must  be 
widely  and  rapidly  extended. 

7.  The  Association’s  Educational  Work  is 

overtaxing  all  its  buildings  and  creating  character 
as  well  as  brains.  Over  9,000  young  men  are  in 
Association  English  schools  alone. 

8.  The  Association’s  Physical  Work  with  its 
group  plays,  personal  purity,  and  finer  ideals  of 
sportsmanship  is  meeting  one  of  Japan’s  funda- 
mental needs. 

9.  Extension  of  the  Association  is  de- 
manded by  influential  Japanese,  both  Christian 
and  non-Christian.  More  trained  secretaries  from 
America  are  urgently  needed. 

10.  The  money  sent  by  North  America  to 

Japan  is  drawing  a still  larger  amount  from  the 
Japanese,  all  the  Associations  but  one  being  self- 
supporting.  There  are  twenty  city  and  seventy- 
four  student  Associations;  nineteen  foreign  and 
sixty  Japanese  secretaries. 

Suggested  subscriptions: 


1 

at 

$10,000 

= $10,000 

5 

« 

5,000 

= 25,000 

10 

U 

3,000 

= 30,000 

10 

U 

1,500 

= 15,000 

10 

u 

1,000 

= 10,000 

18 

u 

500 

= 9,000 

54 

$99,000 

Korea $12,088.46 

1.  Korea’s  population  is  twice  that  of 
Canada,  16,287,389.  Although  her  mountains  are 
rich  in  minerals  which  the  Japanese  are  now  de- 
veloping, the  Koreans  have  always  been  poor 
because  they  depended  on  agriculture,  and  only  a 
small  part  of  her  84,173  square  miles  of  mountain- 
ous country  could  be  brought  under  cultivation. 

2.  The  Y.  M.  C.  A.  was  started  in  Seoul, 
the  capital,  in  1901.  There  are  now  two  branches, 
one  Korean  and  one  Japanese,  with  a common  board 
of  directors.  There  are  now  four  American  secre- 
taries, a Korean  staff  of  eight,  and  two  Japanese 
secretaries. 

3.  Activities.  Religious  work  is  the  most 
prominent  feature  of  the  Seoul  Association,  which 
cooperates  very  closely  with  the  churches.  In 
1919,  540  men  and  boys  decided  for  the  Christian 


29 


life  in  Association  Bible  classes  and  meetings. 

The  Association  Trade  School  is  teaching  cabinet 
making,  blacksmithing,  printing,  boot  and  shoe- 
making, photography,  and  other  trades  to  scores 
of  Korean  young  men.  There  are  568  boys  and 
several  hundred  young  men  in  other  educational 
classes.  ( 

The  only  place  in  Korea  where  her  2,000,000 
boys  can  get  clean  amusement  is  at  the  Boys’  Divi- 
sion of  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.,  which  enrolls  over  500. 

For  suggested  subseriptions,  see  the  table  for  the 
Japanese  Empire,  in  the  budget  for  which  the  Korean  work 
is  included. 


Mexico $26,616.88 

1.  “The  Treasure  House  of  the  World,” 

Humboldt  called  Mexico,  and  yet  he  knew  only 
half. 

First  in  the  world’s  production  of  silver,  second 
in  copper,  petroleum,  and  dye  woods,  and  third 
in  gold,  it  is  already  a great  producer  of  nearly 
every  important  tropical  and  temperate  product, 
including  rubber,  coffee,  cotton,  corn,  and  hides. 
Mexico  is  as  large  as  the  United  States  east  of  the 
Mississippi. 

2.  The  people  are  desperately  poor  and 

Mexico  is  confronted  with  perhaps  more  serious 
national  problems  than  any  other  country.  About 
95  per  cent  of  the  wealth  is  in  the  hands  of  5 per 
cent  of  the  people;  75  per  cent  is  owned  abroad. 

Business  men  of  Canada  and  the  United  States 
have  invested  more  than  a billion  dollars  in  Mexico. 
Great  commercial  houses  are  establishing  branches 
and  sending  representatives  there. 

3.  Composed  of  150  antagonistic  tribal  and 

national  elements,  Mexico’s  people  have  never 
fused  into  a conscious  nationality,  nor  have  they 
learned  patriotically'  and  unselfishly  to  cooperate 
in  government,  society,  or  business.  Illiteracy 
ranges  from  75  per  cent  in  some  states  to  90  per 
cent  in  others.  With  the  exception  of  a few  out- 
standing leaders,  its  political  and  national  leader- 
ship has  been  largely  selfish  and  false. 

4.  A country  in  the  making,  Mexico  can 
become  a great  nation  if  it  gets  the  help  it  needs. 
Only  a small  proportion  of  the  people  are  bandits 
and  revolutionists;  most  of  them  are  law  abiding, 
peaceful,  and  industrious.  The  educated  classes 
compare  favorably  in  culture  and  refinement  with 


30 


ours.  They  are  proud  of  their  traditions  and  their 
country  and  look  down  on  Americans  and  other 
aliens,  pointing  with  pride  to  the  fact  that  their 
National  University  was  a flourishing  institution  a 
hundred  years  before  Harvard  was  founded. 

5.  Preeminent  among  the  welcomed  agen- 
cies is  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  From  its  beginnings  in 
1902,  the  Association  has  had  the  most  cordial 
support  of  the  best  classes,  of  government  officials, 
and  of  business  men.  Presidents  Diaz,  Madero, 
and  Carranza  have  all  been  sponsors  and  supporters 
of  our  work.  The  latter’s  gift  last  year  was  the 
largest  personal  contribution  received  by  the 
Mexico  City  Association.  Notwithstanding  that 
ten  years  of  the  eighteen  of  the  Association’s  work 
in  Mexico  have  been  years  of  revolution,  disorder, 
and  distress,  the  four  Associations  have  been  con- 
ducting a steadily  growing  work  of  increasing 
effectiveness. 

6.  Mexican  leaders  urge  extension  of  the 

work  into  other  important  centers  because  they 
know  the  Association  can  make  an  indispensable 
contribution  by  raising  from  among  the  college  men 
a generation  of  Christian  leaders  consecrated  to  the 
unselfish  service  of  their  country.  America  can 
give  no  other  help  of  equal  importance. 

7.  “The  problem  of  reconstruction  in  Mexi- 
co is  the  problem  of  the  extension  of  the  Young 
Men’s  Christian  Association.”  In  these  words  a 
Mexican  leader  has  summed  up  the  Association’s 
opportunity  and  obligation. 

Shall  we  accept  this  challenge? 

Suggested  subscriptions: 

1 at  $10,000  = $10,000 

2 “ 3,000  = 6,000 

5 “ 1,500  = 7,500 

3 “ 1,000  = 3,000 

11  $26,500 

The  Near  East  . . . $16,235.00 

1.  Responsibility  for  the  Near  East,  by 

agreement  between  the  British  and  American 
Movements,  is  divided  as  follows: 

The  British  National  Council:  Serbia,  Persia, 

Mesopotamia;  the  International  Committee: 
Roumania,  Bulgaria,  Greece,  Turkey,  Armenia, 
Syria,  Palestine,  Egypt. 

2.  Vast  material  resources.  The  fabulous 

riches  of  the  ancients  came  from  a mere  scratching 
of  the  surface.  The  biggest  prizes  remain  for  the 


31 


agriculturists,  miners,  manufacturers,  and  traders 
of  the  generation  just  before  us. 

3.  Human  stock  capable  of  a new  golden 
age.  The  races  that  produced  Egyptian  learning, 
Greek  art  and  culture,  and  the  Hebrew  and  Chris- 
tian religions,  are  still  alive.  Mohammedanism 
has  not  been  able  to  destroy  their  native  talents. 
In  the  last  century  Greeks,  Armenians,  and  Slavs 
have  made  astounding  progress.  Given  an  equal 
chance  they  hold  their  own  with  the  best  men  of 
the  West. 

“Every  nation  in  the  Near  East  has  one  great  goal — to 
rank  as  ‘civilized.’  To  this  end  industrial  and  agricultural 
reforms  are  being  introduced,  business  and  industry  uplifted, 
education  and  art  fostered.  They  are  ready  to  adopt  any- 
thing which  can  be  proved  to  be  essential  to  a Christian 
civilization.” 

4.  The  Oriental  Churches  awake.  Their 
power  has  been  undermined  by  anti-religious  pro- 
paganda and  skepticism.  They  are  now  alive  to  the 
dangers  and  weakness  of  an  ignorant,  superstitious 
constituency  living  on  a low  moral  plane.  They 
are  discussing  how  the  Bible  can  be  made  more 
accessible  to  the  masses;  planning  reforms  in  or- 
ganization and  doctrine;  beginning  a program 
of  evangelism;  and  they  frankly  seek  the  help 
of  American  and  British  Christianity. 

5.  America — the  Near  East’s  symbol  of 
unselfishness  and  generosity.  Such  present- 
day  advantages  as  the  Near  East  has  and  treasures 
are  largely  gifts  from  America.  Education,  medi- 
cal science,  philanthropy,  the  championing  of  the 
oppressed,  have  been  the  missionary’s  stock  in 
trade  for  a century.  America’s  welcome  to  the 
immigrant  and  his  huge  remittances  to  his  old 
home  have  been  the  financial  salvation  of  many  a 
region.  America’s  share  in  the  War  and  her 
astounding  relief  activities  since  the  armistice  can 
never  be  forgotten  by  the  Near  East.  In  their 
eyes  we  are  the  one  unselfish  power. 

6.  Pre-war  Association  work.  Y.  M.  C.  A. 

work  was  opened  in  Turkey  in  1909.  Steady  pro- 
gress had  been  made  with  five  American  secreta- 
ries, one  of  whom  was  at  Robert  College  Associa- 
tion, another  traveling  secretary  for  the  Turkish 
Empire.  This  work  brought  together  men  of  some 
twenty  nationalities  and  nearly  as  many  religious 
faiths,  who  ordinarily  do  not  mix.  It  won  the 
confidence  and  approval  of  the  Greek  Church 
Patriarch  and  of  the  business  men  and  other  lead- 
ers. In  1915  a $75,000  building  in  Constantinople 
was  acquired  and  dedicated.  During  the  War  this 
building  served  as  headquarters  for  the  relief  work 


32 


for  Allied  prisoners  of  war.  One  of  the  secretaries, 
D.  J.  van  Bommel,  a citizen  of  Holland,  was  for- 
tunately able  to  stay  in  Constantinople  throughout 
the  War.  The  civilian  work  was  reopened  in  the 
.summer  of  1919  and  has  gradually  increased. 

7.  The  Student  Work  at  Robert  College,  like 
that  at  Syrian  Protestant  College,  Beirut,  where 
there  was  also  an  American  secretary,  has  served 
these  important  groups  of  future  leaders  of  all  the 
states  of  the  Balkans,  Asia  Minor,  and  Syria. 
Many  of  the  present  younger  leaders  have  been 
members  of  the  Associations  in  these  two  American 
schools. 

8.  Egypt.  The  International  Committee  took 
over  the  work  in  Egypt  in  1913  from  the  British 
National  Council  which  for  a number  of  years  had 
maintained  a small  work  for  Europeans  in  Cairo. 
Mr.  William  Jessop,  the  American  secretary,  was 
hardly  settled  in  Cairo  before  the  War  broke  and 
he  began  to  give  leadership  to  what  became  one 
of  the  most  trying  but  significant  and  successful 
pieces  of  war  work  the  Association  did  in  any  part 
of  the  world.  Plans  are  now  under  way  for  a 
great  civilian  work  in  Cairo  and  other  cities  of 
Egypt,  where  the  people  are  demanding  for  their 
young  men  the  kind  of  service  they  came  to  value 
because  of  what  they  saw  it  meant  to  the  British 
Colonial  and  Indian  troops. 

9.  Palestine.  Within  a day  of  the  capture  of 
Jerusalem  in  the  summer  of  1917,  the  Red  Triangle 
was  at  work  in  the  city  among  the  British  and 
Indian  troops,  and  continued  until  the  end  of  the 
campaign.  Mr.  A.  C.  Harte,  representing  jointly 
the  British  National  Council  and  the  International 
Committee,  went  to  Jerusalem  in  the  summer  of 
1919  to  begin  civilian  work. 

10.  What  national  leaders  say. 

“Her  Majesty  (the  Queen  of  Roumania)  called  me  to  the 
palace  for  a special  interview  on  the  Y.M.C.A.  She  is  deeply 
interested  and  desires  to  give  her  support  for  the  development 
of  a Roumanian  section.” 

E.  K.  Venizelos,  Prime  Minister  of  Greece: 

“Your  work  has  been  most  helpful  at  a time  of  great  need 
and  it  commands  the  highest  praise.” 

Dr.  K.  Tavidian,  Acting  President,  National 
Council  of  Armenia: 

“We  Christians  of  all  ranks  and  beliefs  are  bound  to  give 
our  heartiest  backing  to  the  Y.M.C.A.” 

George  Horton,  American  Consul  General  at 
Salonica: 

“If  we  can  succeed  in  planting  in  Salonica  an  up-to-date 
Y.M.C.A.,  I shall  consider  my  share  in  it  the  greatest  achieve- 
ment of  my  twenty-five  years  in  the  Near  East.” 


33 


G.  B.  Ravndal,  U.  S,  Consul  General  at  Con- 
stantinople: 

“The  Y.  M.  C.  A.  must  devote  particular  attention  to 
sports  in  the  open  air,  indoor  gymnastics,  bathing  facilities, 
and  practical  lectures  on  physiology  and  clean  living.” 

11.  Do  they  mean  it?  In  spite  of  unspeak- 
able poverty  and  depression  the  Associations  in 
Constantinople,  Smyrna,  and  Adana  arc  running 
full  blast  with  a large  social  program,  popular 
night  classes,  and  far-reaching  religious  work. 
Jerusalem  and  Cairo  are  coming  into  their  own; 
Athens,  Saloniea,  and  Bucharest  are  just  as  needy 
and  even  more  eager.  All  they  lack  is  the  Ameri- 
can secretaries  to  start  things  going. 

12.  “That  these  shall  not  have  died  in 
vain.”  James  Perry  and  Frank  L.  Johnson,  two 
American  secretaries,  were  killed  on  February  3, 
1920,  in  an  attack  by  brigands  while  on  duty  with 
a relief  train  en  route  to  Armenia. 

The  present  work  in  the  Near  East  is  nearly  all 
W ar  Work  financed  by  funds  allocated  by  the 
Committee  on  Work  in  Allied  Armies  and  among 
Prisoners  of  War.  The  $10,235  in  this  budget  is 
to  send  secretaries  to  begin  civilian  work  in  a few 
of  the  most  urgent  places. 

Suggested  subscriptions: 


1 

at 

$5,000  = 

$5,000 

1 

u 

3,000  = 

3,000 

2 

“ 

1,500  = 

3,000 

2 

u 

1,000  = 

2,000 

6 

u 

500  = 

3,000 

12  $16,000 

The  Philippines  . . $14,015.00 

1.  “The  American  policy  in  the  Philippines 
has  stimulated  the  imaginations  and  ambitions 
of  the  Asiatic  races  mightily.” 

2.  The  10,000.000  people  in  these  3,141  islands 
speak  sixty-eight  different  languages  and  dialects. 
There  are  9,000,000  Filipinos;  750,000  are  wild 
hill  tribes  untouched  by  civilization;  about  11,000 
are  Americans  and  Europeans;  35,000  are  Chinese. 

3.  The  Islands  are  paying  their  way.  They 
are  rich  in  timber  and  minerals  and  in  agricultural 
products  and  possibilities. 

4.  The  Y.  M.  C.  A.  went  to  the  Islands  with 
the  American  Army  in  1898.  Civilian  work  was 
started  in  1908. 

5.  There  are  three  Association  buildings 

in  Manila:  one  for  Americans  and  two  for  Fili- 
pinos, one  a city  building,  the  other  for  students. 
The  membership  is  over  3,000.  Twice  the  dormi- 


34 


tory  capacity  of  360  would  not  accommodate  all 
who  wish  to  live  in  the  buildings.  A night  school 
and  a day  high  school  are  crowded  to  capacity  with 
eager  young  men  from  all  parts  of  the  Islands. 

6.  Throughout  the  Archipelago  the  influ- 
ence of  the  Association  is  felt.  Its  physical  and 
religious  work  have  been  particularly  beneficial, 
though  there  are  no  buildings  outside  of  Manila. 

7.  The  baseball  bat  has  taken  the  place  of 
the  head  axe  in  settling  feuds  between  rival  Igorot 
villages.  Play,  introduced  by  Y.  M.  C.  A.  Physi- 
cal Director  Elwood  S.  Brown,  has  penetrated  the 
remotest  mountain  fastnesses.  The  first  volley 
ball  was  carried  to  the  Philippines  by  the  Associa- 
tion Physical  Director  in  1910;  six  years  later  the 
Islands  imported  more  volley  balls  than  were  sold 
in  America,  and  the  trade  has  increased  annually. 
This  is  but  one  indication  of  the  rapid  spread  of 
athletics. 

8.  A leading  Filipino  magazine  said: 

“No  single  non-governmental  and  non-sectarian  institution 
at  present  is  doing  so  much  for  the  Filipino  youth  as  the 
Y.  M.  C.  A.,  which  bids  fair  to  become  the  most  important 
single  factor  in  the  upbuilding  of  a race  of  men  characterized 
by  deep  religious  feeling  and  the  presence  of  the  spirit  of 
charity,  helpfulness,  and  social  service.” 

9.  The  annual  student  conference  con- 
ducted by  the  Association  gathers  from  all  the 
Islands  students  of  all  religions  and  faiths.  At  the 
closing  meeting  of  the  last  conference,  in  addition 
to  decisions  for  the  Christian  life,  Bible  study,  clean 
living,  and  service,  many  spoke  of  a determination 
to  carry  the  spirit  of  the  conference  back  to  their 
families,  schools,  and  communities.  Subsequent 
observation  proved  the  genuineness  of  these  deci- 
sions. 

The  pastor  of  the  Union  Church  in  Manila  said: 

“I  consider  this  student  conference  to  be  the  most  signifi- 
cant spiritual  achievement  that  has  occurred  in  the  Philip- 
pines.” 

10.  In  cooperation  with  the  Government, 

the  Association  conducts  various  forms  of  work  in 
reformatory  schools,  the  government  orphanage, 
and  in  Billibid  Prison. 

A special  work  for  the  hundreds  of  bootblacks 
and  newsboys  who  swarm  the  streets  of  Manila  is 
aiding  the  police  to  solve  this  difficult  problem. 

11.  In  cooperation  with  the  Church  the 

Association  is  helping  to  make  Christian  this  “great 
strategic  base  for  democracy  in  the  Pacific,”  whose 
influence  on  all  of  Asia  is  beyond  measurement. 


35 


Suggested 

subscriptions: 

1 

at  i 

£5,000  = $5,000 

1 

U 

3,000  = 3,000 

1 

U 

1,500  = 1,500 

2 

u 

1,000  = 2,000 

5 

a 

500  = 2,500 

10 

$14,000 

Porto  Rico 36,195.00 

1.  Part  of  the  United  Stales.  Porto  l\ieo  is 
about  three  times  the  size  of  Rhode  Island.  Its 
population,  1,118,012,  is  equivalent  to  386  to  the 
square  mile.  A hundred-pound  sack  of  rice  is 
imported  annually  for  every  person  on  the  island, 
although  rice  is  raised  there.  The  principal  exports 
are  raw  sugar,  coffee,  tobacco,  and  fruits. 

2.  Y.  M.  C.  A.  work  began  in  San  Juan, 

the  capital,  in  1909.  A $50,000  building  was  opened 
in  1913,  the  Insular  Government  having  given  the 
lot  worth  $60,000. 

3.  An  industrial  secretary  is  included  in  the 
1920  budget  to  begin  work  among  the  thousands 
employed  on  the  sugar  and  tobacco  plantations 
and  in  the  mills  and  factories  on  the  island. 

Suggested  subscriptions: 

1 at  S3 ,000  = S3, 000 

2 “ 1,500  = 3,000 

3 “ S6, 000 


Portugal 33,120.00 

1.  In  population  and  territorial  extent  Por- 
tugal is  comparable  to  the  state  of  Ohio,  but  she 
has  vast  rich  colonial  possessions.  Commercially, 
interest  centers  about  Portugal’s  mines  of  wolf- 
ramite (used  in  tungsten  steel) , forests  of  pine  and 
cork  trees,  bountiful  vineyards  and  varied  fruits, 
and  the  colonial  industries  of  cocoa,  lace,  and 
embroidery.  The  war-enhanced  friendly  relation- 
ship between  Portugal  and  America  should  increase 
business  in  the  future. 

2.  In  Lisbon  and  Oporto  for  years  there  have 
been  Associations  through  the  cooperation  of  the 
World  Committee  at  Geneva. 

3.  Coimbra  University  wTas  founded  in  the 
thirteenth  century  and  its  hoary  traditions  still 
pervade  the  atmosphere  of  the  city  of  the  same 


36 


name.  This  “Luso-Athenas,”  as  it  is  called,  is 
the  educational  center  not  only  of  the  country, 
but  of  the  Portuguese-speaking  world.  Among 
these  1500  students,  Association  work  was  begun 
in  1915.  Now  there  is  a building  with  all  the  usual 
features,  the  gift  of  friends  in  the  United  States, 
and  over  300  members.  The  Association  has  won 
a wide  circle  of  friends  among  students,  professors, 
and  town  folks. 

4.  During  the  War,  Portuguese  troops  in 
France  came  to  know  the  Red  Triangle  through  its 
service  in  the  trenches,  base  areas,  rest  camps, 
etc.  Now  that  they  have  returned  to  their  homes, 
they  look  for  this  symbol  of  friendship  and  service. 

Suggested  subscriptions: 

This  budget  of  $3,120  should  be  covered  by  the  gift  of 

one  individual  or  Association. 


Russia (See  note  below) 

1.  Y.  M.  C.  A.  work  in  Russia  was  begun  at 
Petrograd  in  1899,  by  Dr.  Franklin  A.  Gaylord. 
Because  of  restrictions  on  the  name  Young  Men’s 
Christian  Association,  Mr.  James  Stokes  person- 
ally made  it  possible  to  found  an  organization 
known  as  the  “Mayak”  (Lighthouse).  Before  the 
War  it  had  some  3,000  members  in  Petrograd,  a 
branch  had  been  started  in  Moscow,  and  there  was 
a student  work  at  Kief  and  at  the  Imperial  Poly- 
technic Institute  at  Lesnoi  outside  Petrograd. 

2.  Then  came  the  War  and  the  efforts  of  the 
seven  American  secretaries  were  quickly  turned  to 
work  among  the  Russian  soldiers.  To  meet  this 
opportunity  seventy-three  secretaries  were  sent 
from  America  before  the  end  of  1917.  Work  was 
established  widely  among  the  Russian  soldiers  on 
the  European  front  and  later  among  the  Czecho- 
slovaks. 

3.  The  favor  of  the  successive  governments 

has  been  enjoyed  by  the  Association  in  Russia 
proper  and  the  different  special  governmental 
divisions  which  came  into  existence  after  the  break- 
up of  the  Empire.  Because  of  what  they  saw  done 
for  the  soldiers,  the  civilian  population  in  all  sec- 
tions of  Russia  and  Siberia  now  demands  Associa- 
tion work  for  the  young  men  and  boys  of  their 
communities,  both  urban  and  rural. 

NOTE;  The  entire  1920  budget  for  work  in  Russia 
and  Siberia  is  provided  by  the  Committee  on  Work  in  Allied 
Armies  and  Among  Prisoners  of  War. 


37 


Phases  of  Work 
Around  the  World 


National  Committees  . $186,857.50 

1.  The  first  guiding  principle  in  the  exten- 
sion of  Association  work  into  other  lands  is  the 
establishing  of  indigenous,  self-supporting  Move- 
ments. As  a result  of  this  policy  there  are  today 
National  Committees  or  Councils  for  the  Japanese 
Empire,  China,  India,  Mexico,  and  Brazil,  and 
a Continental  Federation  for  South  America, 
composed  almost  exclusively  of  honored  sons  of  the 
respective  countries,  and  since  1919  autonomous. 
Another  evidence  of  their  indigenous  character  is 
the  leadership  of  such  men  as  Soichi  Saito  in  Japan, 
David  Z.  T.  Yui  in  China,  Kanakarayan  T.  Paul 
in  India,  and  Eduardo  Monteverde  in  South 
America,  respectively  the  national  chief  executives. 

2.  In  responsibility  and  function  these 
National  Committees  are  similar  to  the  supervisory 
agencies  of  North  America.  More  than  half  of 
their  budgets  is  raised  in  the  countries,  the  list  of 
contributors  being  conclusive  proof  of  the  general 
approval  of  the  Association  program.  Assistance 
is  needed  from  the  United  States  and  Canada  to 
maintain  standards  and  volume  of  service,  and 
establish  new  lines  of  work.  In  a few  countries 
which  do  not  have  national  organizations,  small 
grants  are  made  to  the  senior  foreign  secretaries 
for  the  promotion  of  national  phases  of  work. 

3.  This  amount,  $186,857.50,  is  distributed 
among  the  countries  as  follows: 

Brazil  $ 5,700.00  Mexico  $ 9,775.00 
China  87,412.50  The  Philippines  2,400.00 

Cuba  2,000.00  Portugal  1,200.00 

India  & South  American 

Ceylon  30,300.00  Federation  27,400.00 
Japan  20,670.00 


These  subscriptions  are  needed  i 


1 at  $25,000  = $25,000 

1 “ 15,000  = 15,000 

3 “ 10,000  = 30,000 

3 “ 5,000  = 15,000 

10  “ 3,000  = 30,000 

15  “ 1,500  = 22,500 

24  “ 1,000  = 24,000 

50  “ 500  = 25,000 


107  $186,500 

1.  Before  the  War  there  was  practically  no 
Army  work.  Since  the  Boxer  Uprising  in  China 


38 


Army  Work  ....  $11,907.50 

one  foreign  secretary  has  given  full  time  among  the 
Legation  Guards  of  the  different  nations  in  Peking. 
In  India  there  were  a few  Army  branches  in  the 
British  cantonments  and  work  at  the  annual 
maneuvers.  Nothing  was  permitted  among  Indian 
troops. 

2.  The  War  threw  wide  the  gates  to  millions 
of  men  under  arms  in  these  countries,  notably  in 
India  and  Japan.  Although  religious  work  was 
restricted  among  Indian  troops,  few  of  them  were 
so  ignorant  or  bigoted  as  to  fail  to  sense  the  essen- 
tial Christian  spirit  of  love  and  brotherhood  back 
of  the  Association’s  service.  Its  war  work  has 
made  the  Association  a national  force  in  some 
countries. 

This  budget  provides  only  for  the  Peking 
Legation  Guards  secretary,  and  for  the  National 
Army  Work  secretary  in  India,  a permanent  post 
on  the  staff  of  the  Indian  National  Council. 


Boys’  Work  ....  $60,511.57 

1.  Nobody  knows  how  many  boys  there  are 
in  the  world;  everybody  knows  the  boys  are  the 
hope  of  Democracy  and  of  the  Kingdom. 

2.  The  American  Association  Standard 
Program  for  Boys  adapted  to  China,  Korea, 
India,  Mexico,  and  Argentina,  has  taken  root  and 
is  growing  rapidly.  Enough  has  been  done  in  other 
countries  to  demonstrate  that  there  also  rapid 
development  and  fruitage  will  result  when  the 
necessary  American  leadership  is  sent.  Shanghai’s 
Boys’  Work  ranks  first  in  the  world  in  the  number 
and  enrollment  in  Bible  classes,  second  in  member- 
ship and  physical  work,  and  third  in  membership 
and  physical  work,  and  third  in  educational  work. 
It  is  doubtful  whether  any  city  equals  the  effect- 
iveness of  Shanghai’s  social  service  program.  The 
Boy  Scout  Movement  has  been  introduced  and 
promoted  in  most  of  these  countries  by  the 
Association. 

3.  Japan  has  10,000,000  hoys,  but  not  one 

trained  Boys’  Work  secretary. 

4.  India’s  32,000,000  hoys  are  “just  as  pro- 
mising as  any  under  the  sun  and  far  more  uncared 
for  than  most.  Thousands  of  them  work  in  the 
mills  and  factories  with  no  chance  for  such  a life 


39 


as  a boy  ought  to  have.  Millions  live  in  the  vil- 
lages, held  down  by  poverty,  superstition,  and 
ignorance.  Then  there  are  the  high  school  boys — 
200  high  schools  in  Madras  Presidency  alone.  In 
India  there  are  only  six  Boys’  Work  secretaries, 
three  Indians  and  three  foreigners.  We  need  at 
once  seven  more  men  to  help  train  the  staff  of  at 
least  fifty  Indian  Boys’  Work  secretaries  we  must 
have  in  a few  years.” 

5.  In  Buenos  Aires,  an  Argentine,  trained  in 
the  United  States,  himself  the  product  of  the  Asso- 
ciation, gives  three-fourths  time  to  Boys’  Work. 
Because  of  lack  of  equipment  the  500  boy  members 
have  use  of  the  gymnasium  only  two  days  a week. 
A city-wide  program  in  this  great  metropolis 
would  be  welcomed.  It  awaits  additional  leader- 
ship and  equipment. 

6.  In  Brazil  no  organized  Boys’  Work  has 
been  started,  although  the  Association  has  been 
there  nineteen  jrears  and  the  cities  swarm  with 
boys.  Sao  Paulo  Association  has  helped  to  develop 
the  Boy  Scout  work. 

7.  In  Chile,  Valparaiso  Association  solved  a 
bootblack  and  newsboy  problem  which  had 
baffled  the  city  police,  by  organizing  educational 
and  recreational  work  and  securing  a clubhouse 
for  these  boys. 

8.  In  the  Near  East  the  Association  is  bring- 
ing together  boys  of  fifteen  races  and  twenty 
creeds.  Extended  to  the  key  cities  this  would 
contribute  much  to  the  ultimate  solution  of  one  of 
the  most  difficult  problems  of  that  area. 

9.  The  boys  of  the  world  need  the  Y.  Add 

to  the  American  boy’s  need  for  the  Y all  that  is 
suggested  by  the  absence  of  home,  church,  school, 
the  restraining  influences  we  know  as  Christian; 
add  a degree  of  poverty  which  compels  them  to  go 
to  work  at  ten,  eight,  six,  even  five  years;  add 
superstition,  which  holds  them  in  bondage  to  the 
fear  of  powerless  gods;  add  the  demands  of  the  new 
day  in  all  of  these  lands  which  will  require  of  these 
boys  far  more  than  their  fathers  ever  dreamed. 

10.  The  Association  can  help  the  Church 

solve  the  boy  problem  in  all  these  countries. 
Should  we  not  send  at  least  fifty  of  the  best  Boys’ 
Work  secretaries  to  pioneer  work  among  the  mil- 
lions of  boys  who  are  to  be  the  men  of  tomorrow  in 
all  these  countries? 

All  of  the  $60,511.57  in  this  budget  for  Boys’ 
Work  is  invested  in  personality. 


40 


City  Work  ....  $386,440.56 

1.  The  cities  are  the  storm  centers  of  the 

world  today.  Some  of  the  countries,  as  in  Latin 
America,  have  always  been  dominated  by  their 
cities;  others,  formerly  predominately  rural,  have 
during  the  past  decade  witnessed  tremendous  city 
growth.  Tokyo  is  now  the  third  city  of  the  world. 
This  is  particularly  true  of  India  and  the  great 
industrial  centers  of  Japan  and  China,  where  the 
tramp  cityward  has  given  rise  to  serious  problems, 
social,  economic,  and  moral,  analogous  to  those  in 
our  own  country. 

These  great  cities  of  the  non-Christian  world  are 
veritable  maelstroms  affecting  the  world’s  moral 
safety.  Fletcher  S.  Brockman  points  out  that 
where  the  vices  of  the  East  meet  those  of  the  West 
the  result  is  a still  lower  form.  Into  these  whirl- 
pools are  now  being  drawn  a steadily  increasing 
number  of  our  young  men,  who  represent  American 
business  firms  abroad.  Where  men  are  most 
viciously  tempted,  there  the  Association  is  called 
to  go. 

These  cities  are  at  the  same  time  the  centers  of 
the  most  dynamic  forces  for  righteousness  in  their 
countries,  for  in  them  are  found  the  greatest  aggre- 
gations of  mental,  political,  and  financial  power. 
The  Association  can  effectively  unite  and  influence 
these  men  who  must  shape  the  destinies  of  their 
lands. 

2.  The  strategy  of  planting  Associations  in 
the  great  commercial,  political,  and  educational 
centers  of  other  lands  will  be  understood  at  once 
by  anyone  familiar  with  the  influence  and  achieve- 
ments of  the  city  Young  Men’s  Christian  Associa- 
tions in  the  life  of  the  United  States  and  Canada. 
Already  some  eighty  such  cities  have  been  entered. 
Wherever  men  and  boys  are  found,  whether  Japan- 
ese, Chinese,  Indian,  Turkish,  or  Latin,  they  re- 
spond readily  to  all  the  typical  lines  of  service  which 
mark  the  Movement  in  North  America. 

3.  Our  task  is  to  become  dispensable:  not 

to  furnish  American  leadership  for  all  the  cities 
of  the  world,  for  China  alone  would  require  secre- 
taries for  her  1,900  walled  cities.  The  aim  is  to 
plant  model  Associations  in  the  most  influential 
places,  where  under  skillful  experienced  North 
Americans  native  leadership  will  be  found  and 
trained  and  the  Movement  thereby  be  made  indige- 
nous. The  foreign  secretaries  always  work  in 
the  background,  thus  magnifying  the  importance 
of  initiative  and  originality  on  the  part  of  the  men 


41 


of  the  country.  That  the  principle  is  successful 
is  shown  by  the  fact  that  while  the  North  American 
secretaries  number  19G  there  are  over  500  native 
secretaries. 

4.  The  principle  of  self-support  is  funda- 
mental. All  of  the  operating  expenses  of  a local 
Association  arc  covered  by  membership  fees  and 
subscriptions  of  citizens  of  the  community.  Only 
the  maintenance  of  our  own  secretaries  is  paid  from 
the  United  States  and  Canada.  To  illustrate,  in 
Buenos  Aires  $63,000,  exclusive  of  restaurant  and 
similar  accounts,  is  raised  locally;  North  America 
provides  the  support  of  three  of  our  own  secreta- 
ries. Shanghai  raises  locally  $125,000  a year; 
North  America  gives  $17,000. 

Of  $386,440.56  for  City  Work,  $376,040.56 
is  for  the  maintenance  of  American  and  Can- 
adian secretaries.  It  should  be  borne  in  mind 
that  the  same  personnel  related  to  city  Associa- 
tions is  responsible  for  promoting  all  phases  of 
work.  Their  first  concern  is  winning  men,  one  by 
one,  to  decision  for  the  Christian  life  and  service. 


Educational  Work  . . $31,077.25 

1 Ignorance  and  illiteracy  are  the  chains 
which  have  bound  vast  areas  of  the  world  in  which 
there  has  been  no  provision,  either  government  or 
private,  for  even  elementary  education.  In  India 
only  106  men  and  10  women  in  1000  can  read.  In 
China  only  about  5 per  cent  of  the  400,000,000 
people  are  literate.  The  new  democratic  ideals  and 
awakened  consciousness  which  are  stirring  placid 
old  nations  have  brought  home  to  them  the  fact 
that  “education  is  the  rock  foundation  of  citizen- 
ship.” 

During  the  War  several  million  men  were  brought 
face  to  face  with  the  problem  of  letters.  Unable 
to  communicate  with  families  and  friends  because 
they  could  not  read  or  write,  they  saw  that  in 
France  “even  the  coolies  and  old  grandmothers 
could  read.”  For  the  first  time  they  realized  the 
usefulness  of  this  knowledge.  Returning  home 
ashamed  of  their  ignorance,  they  are  now  eager  to 
learn.  Today  the  whole  world  recognizes  the 
need  and  value  of  education. 

2.  English  is  fast  becoming  the  world’s 
commercial  language.  Hundreds  of  thousands 
of  ambitious  youth  of  all  the  nations  today  slave 
to  speak  and  write  it.  The  Association’s  day  and 


42 


evening  classes  furnish  their  very  best  opportunity 
in  scores  of  cities  of  Asia  and  Latin  America.  The 
Association  commercial  schools  in  Peking,  Shang- 
hai, Canton,  and  other  cities  rank  among  the  best 
these  countries  afford.  One  secretary  writes  from 
Japan: 

“We  only  need  to  let  it  be  known  that  the  Association  has 
six  American  teachers  and  the  crowd  begins  to  flow  Y.  M . C.A. 
ward.  The  ages  of  men  in  our  classes  vary  from  twelve  to 
fifty-five  years.  These  classes  provide  the  very  best  first- 
hand contact  with  men  for  personal  helpfulness.” 

3.  Schools  for  poor  boys,  ricksha  coolies 
and  others  are  conducted  by  college  students  and 
younger  business  men  in  scores  of  cities  and  educa- 
tional centers.  These  men  are  inspired  by  the 
Association  to  give  their  services  as  volunteer 
teachers.  Many  students  returning  from  summer 
conferences  start  the  first  school  in  their  home 
village. 

The  $31,077.25  in  this  budget  is  all  for 

personnel.  The  local  expenses  for  educational 
work  are  covered  by  the  class  fees  and  subscrip- 
tions secured  locally. 


Industrial  Work  . . $23,229.27 

1.  A spirit  of  unrest  permeates  industrial 
workers  throughout  the  world  today.  Until  last 
year  there  has  not  been  any  special  danger  of 
conflicts  between  labor  and  capital  in  India.  Now 
there  are  the  beginnings:  strikes  are  becoming 
common;  agitators  are  beginning  a new  calling. 
Leaders  in  India  are  becoming  interested  in  the 
welfare  of  the  laboring  classes.  The  great  Tata 
Steel  Works  last  year  set  aside  two  lakhs  of  rupees 
($60,000),  the  beginnings  of  a fund,  the  interest  on 
which  is  to  finance  welfare  work.  They  request 
Association  assistance.  The  great  Empress  Mills 
in  Nagpur  and  another  large  firm  in  Bombay  have 
also  asked  for  Association  industrial  secretaries. 
A few  experienced  American  industrial  secretaries 
must  be  sent  to  lay  the  foundations  and  train  the 
Indian  secretaries. 

Japan  is  facing  grave  industrial  questions.  The 
Association  has  completed  the  first  social  survey 
of  Tokyo  and  opened  the  first  industrial  Associa- 
tion in  the  country  with  a Japanese  secretary 
trained  in  social  welfare  work  in  charge.  A ten- 
room  house  with  half  an  acre  of  land  in  the  heart 
of  Tokyo’s  congested  “East  Side”  became  a club- 
house for  workers,  funds  having  been  subscribed 


43 


by  Japanese  factory  men.  This  should  be  only 
the  beginning  of  a great  program  of  industrial  work 
in  Japan  in  this  critical  time.  Experienced  Ameri- 
can secretaries  must  be  sent  to  lay  the  foundations 
and  train  Japanese  secretaries. 

In  China  and  the  South  American  countries 
where  modern  industry  is  just  beginning,  there  are 
evidences  of  industrial  strife,  to  the  solution  of 
which  the  Association  should  bring  its  special  gifts 
at  an  early  date. 

2.  The  solution  of  industrial  troubles  lies 
deeper  than  the  measures  usually  brought  for- 
ward by  social  and  political  leaders.  This  is  made 
clear  in  a statement  by  Roger  W.  Babson,  the 
statistician  and  business  expert,  in  which  he  said: 
“Politics  and  industries  need  to  get  Jesus’  point  of 
view,  which  is  both  economically  and  psycho- 
logically sound.  Labor  troubles  would  soon  cease 
and  the  cost  of  living  would  be  cut  in  halves.  Once 
more  I say,  the  need  of  the  year  is  religion.” 

This  budget  provides  for  a few  specialists 
to  pioneer  Industrial  Work  in  the  fields,  where  the 
situation  is  most  critical. 

Lecture  Work  in  China  $36,245.05 

1.  A nation-wide  popular  educational 
movement  including  demonstrated  lectures,  com- 
prehensive literary  presentation  of  the  ideal  and 
practical,  a service  of  expert  authoritative  scholar- 
ship available  from  a national  laboratory  to  respon- 
sible local  organizations  working  along  religious, 
scientific,  health,  educational,  sociological,  eco- 
nomical, government,  art,  philosophical,  and  effici- 
ency lines  directed  by  that  genius  Prof.  C.  H. 
Robertson. 

The  work  of  the  Lecture  Department  is  one  of 
the  most  unique  contributions  to  the  life  of  any 
nation.  By  breaking  down  the  walls  of  conserva- 
tism this  department  has  opened  the  way  for 
evangelistic  campaigns,  and  programs  of  public 
health,  and  made  possible  the  securing  of  funds  for 
community  service,  such  as  hospitals,  reforestation, 
and  flood  prevention,  as  well  as  for  Association 
property. 

2.  “A  Physician-Diplomat”  in  China  is  what 
World's  Work  calls  W.  W.  Peter,  M.  D.,  about 
whose  public  health  campaigns  (part  of  the  Lecture 
Department  program)  Frank  Ward  O’Malley 
writes  in  the  Red  Cross  Magazine: 


44 


“The  400,000,000  Chinese  were,  in  the  main,  still  devoted 
to  the  medical  theories  of  the  Emperor  Shin  Nung,  who  left 
this  vale  of  shadows  in  B.C.  2737,  when  Dr.  Peter — two-fisted 
American  M .D  .—arrived  in  their  midst . He  has  taught  them 
American  medicine  and  American  ideals  and  his  work  is 
among  the  most  important  jobs  in  the  world  today. 

“Nineteen  thousand  Chinese  stepped  on  one  another  while 
visiting  the  initial  health  exhibition  during  the  first  three 
days  it  was  open  in  Shanghai.  From  5,000  to  30,000,  depend- 
ing upon  the  size  of  the  town  or  village  visited,  throng  the 
temple,  church  or  ‘tabernacle’  in  all  communities.  It  is  not 
an  uncommon  sight  to  see  a queue  waiting  for  three  patient 
hours  for  the  doors  to  open.” 

The  $36,245.05  in  this  budget  represents 
only  a part  of  the  money  spent,  for  large  funds  are 
contributed  in  China  by  the  communities  and 
agencies  which  are  benefited. 

Religious  Work  . . $10,438.55 

1.  In  this  critical  time  the  world  needs  some- 

thing more  than  diplomacy  and  economic  and  social 
reform.  Moral  character  is  the  outstanding  need 
of  today.  On  the  threshold  of  large  political  devel- 
opments in  which  the  average  man  is  to  have  an 
increasing  share  in  his  own  government,  the  serious 
question  is:  “Can  our  leaders  really  be  trusted 

with  power?”  “Have  they  the  moral  caliber  to 
resist  bribery,  put  down  corruption,  insist  on  fair 
treatment,  rise  above  religious,  national,  and  racial 
prejudices?”  is  being  asked  throughout  the  world  as 
thoughtful  leaders  seek  a stable  foundation. 

2.  That  Christianity  alone  is  adequate  and 

the  Association  one  of  its  most  effective  instru- 
ments is  evidenced  by  the  following  striking  state- 
ments of  trusted  leaders. 

Kanakarayan  T.  Paul,  one  of  India’s  five  leading 
Christians: 

“There  is  nothing  the  West  can  give  to  us  which  we  cannot 
do  without,  except  Jesus  Christ.” 

Baron  Shibusawa,  Japan’s  great  banker: 

“American  prosperity  comes  largely  from  the  character  of 
the  people,  fostered  by  Christian  institutions.  That  is  why 
I want  to  see  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  extended  in  Japan,  for  Japan 
needs  men  of  character.” 

Admiral  Li  Ho  of  the  Chinese  Navy: 

“Christianity  is  the  only  agency  that  can  save  China. 
I am  glad  to  see  the  American  universities  doing  so  much  to 
introduce  our  people  to  this  great  ideal.  The  Princeton  men 
here  are  giving  splendid  service;  I cannot  think  of  anything 
that  would  improve  the  work  of  the  Peking  Y.  M.  C.  A.” 

A prominent  Mexican: 

“The  problem  of  reconstruction  in  Mexico  is  the  problem 
of  the  extension  of  the  Young  Men’s  Christian  Association 
throughout  the  republic.” 


45 


Mr.  Vagi  Yasuzo,  member  of  one  of  Japan’s  old- 
est families,  graduate  of  Harvard  twenty  years 
ago,  in  advocating  financial  support  for  the  Young 
Men’s  Christian  Association  in  Japan,  said  to  his 
conservative  fellow-Buddhists: 

“Through  long  experience  the  Young  Men’s  Christian 
Association  has  become  skillful  in  getting  character  results 
in  its  management  of  young  men.  We  Buddhists  too,  desire 
the  same  things,  only  we  have  no  leaders.  1 suggest  that 
we  give  our  money  to  the  Young  Men’s  Christian  Association 
to  handle  for  us.” 

3.  The  Y.  M.  C.  A.  renders  this  most  needed 
service  by  raising  up  strong,  trained,  native 
Christian  leadership. 

In  Seoul,  Korea,  notwithstanding  the  unsettled 
conditions  throughout  the  year,  over  300  boys  and 
240  young  men  decided  for  the  Christian  life  in 
Association  Bible  classes  and  religious  meetings. 

In  the  Canton,  China,  Association  in  June  last 
year  96  men  and  boys  decided  for  the  Christian 
life  in  meetings  held  by  the  Association.  Most  of 
them  came  from  the  Association  Bible  classes. 
Among  those  baptized  were  the  Director  of  the 
Ivung  Yee  Hospital  and  another  well  known 
physician,  the  General  Manager  of  the  Canton- 
Samshui  Railway,  and  the  President  of  the  Pro- 
vincial Educational  Society. 

In  India,  Sherwood  Eddy  and  his  party  stimu- 
lated the  native  Christian  Church  to  personal 
evangelism,  touching  forty-three  centers  in  six 
months.  Every  branch  of  the  Christian  Church 
in  India,  except  the  Roman  Catholic,  participated 
in  this  union  effort,  of  which  Rev.  H.  A.  Popley, 
head  of  the  Association’s  Evangelistic  Department, 
was  the  executive  secretary. 

That  the  spirit  of  this  service  has  reproducing 
power  is  shown  by  the  incident  of  the  college  stu- 
dents who,  returning  from  a summer  conference, 
started  in  their  own  mission  school  an  evangelistic 
campaign  which  brought  to  decision  for  baptism 
sixty  students,  sons  of  the  best  families  in  South 
China. 

The  $10,438.55  in  this  budget  maintains  two 
Religious  Work  specialists,  the  National  Evan- 
gelistic Secretary  for  India  and  Ceylon,  and  the 
Interchurch  Secretary  of  the  Shanghai,  China,  city 
Association.  It  should  be  remembered  that 
every  one  of  the  foreign  secretaries  is  first  of 
all  a leader  of  Religious  Work.  Notwithstanding 
this,  the  number  of  secretaries  specializing  on 
particular  phases  of  Religious  Work  should  be 
increased. 


46 


Rural  Work  ....  $5,000.00 

1.  While  there  are  grave  rural  problems  in 

all  countries,  the  Association  has  thus  far  only 
begun  work  in  India,  ninety-five  per  cent  of  whose 
330,000,000  people  live  in  small  villages  and 
engage  in  agriculture.  These  730,000  villages  are 
characterized  by  what  Secretary  O.O.  Stanchfield 
calls  “The  five  big  D’s” — debt,  dirt,  disease, 
drunkenness,  demons. 

2.  The  Y.  M.  C.  A.  rural  program  is  designed 
to  combat  these.  It  serves  the  Church  by  helping 
the  young  men  in  the  Christian  villages  and  by 
enlisting  and  training  educated  young  men  who  are 
used  by  the  missions  and  churches  in  their  village 
work. 

3.  Begun  in  1914,  there  are  today  twenty-three 
Indian  rural  secretaries  and  110  Cooperative  Credit 
Societies  with  a membership  of  4,000.  Aided  by 
the  Association’s  Christian  Central  Bank  these  vil- 
lage Cooperative  Credit  Societies  do  for  the  Chris- 
tian villages  what  the  Government’s  Cooperative 
Credit  Societies  do  for  villages  generally  in  bringing 
relief  from  the  usurious  money  lenders  whose  rates 
of  interest  run  from  15  to  upwards  of  100  per  cent. 
The  spiritual,  educational,  social,  and  physical 
needs  of  these  villagers  are  all  supplied  by  the 
Association  program. 

The  return  of  more  than  a million  Sepoys  from 
France,  Egypt,  Mesopotamia,  Palestine,  and  East 
Africa,  where  they  learned  the  value  of  the  Red 
Triangle,  has  multiplied  the  demand  for  the  exten- 
sion of  its  helpful  service  to  the  villages  to  which 
these  men  have  returned.  As  quickly  as  possible 
secretaries  must  be  provided  to  establish  work 
throughout  India,  Burma,  and  Ceylon. 

4.  Other  demands.  The  beginning  of  rural 
work  has  been  made  in  Uruguay.  There  are 
clamant  calls  from  Russia  and  Siberia  where 
studies  and  demonstrations  have  been  made.  The 
140,000  Chinese  laborers  returning  from  France  to 
Shantung  Province  are  chiefly  from  small  villages 
among  which  the  Association  is  now  beginning  some 
rural  work.  As  quickly  as  possible  trained  Ameri- 
can secretaries  must  be  sent  to  establish  work  in 
these  and  other  lands  where  the  need  is  equally 
urgent. 

Only  $5,000  is  provided  in  this  budget.  Ex- 
pansion waits  on  the  provision  of  ample  funds. 
There  is  much  evidence  that  the  rural  Associations 
of  t he  United  States  and  Canada  are  convinced  that 
this  is  their  obligation. 


47 


Physical  Work  . . . $84,777.15 

1.  The  standard  American  Association  pro- 
gram of  physical  education  has  been  adapted  to 
the  needs  of  the  countries  in  which  we  are  working. 
Enough  has  been  done  to  demonstrate  its  value. 
Scores  of  physical  directors  are  now  being  demanded 
to  extend  the  program  by  training  native  physical 
directors. 

2.  World  leadership  in  physical  education 

with  all  that  this  means  in  the  development  of 
Christian  character  may  be  assumed  by  the  Associ- 
ation now — if  we  send  this  year  the  necessary 
physical  directors  and  play  teachers  to  the  twenty- 
five  different  countries  from  which  specific  calls 
have  come.  It  takes  men. 

3.  The  War  drew  the  attention  of  the  entire 
world  to  the  importance  of  good  physical  condition. 
Conviction  of  the  value  and  utility  of  it  followed. 
How  to  attain  it  is  now  the  demand.  The  Associa- 
tion is  in  a position  to  develop  a practical  Plav-For- 
Everybody  Program  around  the  World. 

4.  Play  as  the  common  denominator  has 
brought  together  in  friendly  intercourse  Chinese, 
Japanese,  and  Filipinos,  who  for  ages  have  had  no 
common  meeting  ground  in  business,  education,  or 
religion.  It  is  non-antagonistic;  it  may  be  pro- 
moted without  provoking  social,  religious,  or  inter- 
national differences. 

5.  The  Far-Eastern  Games  in  which  China, 
Japan,  the  Philippines,  Siam,  and  Malaysia  partici- 
pate, inaugurated  and  conducted  by  the  Associa- 
tion are  setting  an  example  to  one-quarter  of  the 
world’s  entire  population.  Indian  Empire  Games 
are  scheduled  for  1921;  South  American  Games  for 
1922.  The  International  Olympic  Committee  has, 
through  its  President,  Baron  Pierre  de  Coubertin, 
asked  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  to  assist  in  a plan  to  democ- 
ratize the  World  Olympics,  to  make  these  games  in 
truth  a world  influence. 

6.  The  World  is  calling  on  North  America 

now  for  help  and  leadership  in  establishing  com- 
munity play  programs.  The  Association  is  at  this 
time  the  only  American  agency  in  the  majority  of 
these  countries  with  the  program  and  a willingness 
to  do  this  task. 

This  amount,  $84,777.15,  provides  support  for 
twenty-four  physical  directors  on  the  field  and  for 
ten  new  men  to  sail  this  year.  To  answer  the  call 
to  world  leadership  by  sending  one  man  to  each 
country  where  there  is  now  none,  would  require 
$50,000  more  than  is  budgeted. 


48 


Social  Service  ....  $4,890.00 

1.  The  story  of  the  Good  Samaritan  is 

peculiar  to  Christianity.  The  absence  of  that  spirit 
of  brotherhood  and  service  from  the  non-Christian 
lands  explains  the  appalling  condition  of  the  great 
masses  of  their  people — poverty-stricken,  illiterate, 
ignorant,  diseased — for  whom  nobody  cares. 

2.  The  idea  of  service  challenges  the  present 
generation  of  students  and  younger  business  men 
as  does  nothing  else — service  outside  their  family 
circle,  to  their  community,  to  their  country,  to  the 
world.  Through  the  gateway  of  service  more  than 
any  other  way  they  enter  the  Christian  life. 

3.  The  Association’s  varied  program  is  to 

thousands  the  best  example  of  practical  service  to 
their  communities:  expressed  in  the  Association 

building  through  the  regular  phases  of  work  with 
which  we  are  familiar  in  America;  outside  the 
buildings  through  a range  of  community  service 
unknown  to  American  Associations,  for  in  these 
countries  the  Association  must  take  the  place  of  a 
score  of  other  organizations  which  in  America 
contribute  to  the  welfare  of  the  community. 

4.  Some  illustrations.  Playgrounds  inaugu- 
rated by  the  Association  in  every  country  are  now 
promoted  by  national  and  city  governments.  Day 
and  evening  schools  teach  many  thousands  of 
ambitious  youth,  following  the  Association’s  lead 
and  plan.  Famine  and  flood  relief  unite  for  the 
first  time  representatives  of  formerly  antagonistic 
religious  and  social  groups.  How  the  Association 
quickly  rises  to  emergencies  is  shown  by  the  way 
the  Foochow,  China,  Association  quickly  mobilized 
six  strong  committees  with  Admiral  Sah  as  chair- 
man, to  combat  the  cholera  epidemic  which  last 
summer  swept  through  the  city.  Buenos  Aires 
Student  Association  “is  turning  the  attention  of 
this  generation  of  Argentine  students  to  a serious 
consideration  of  the  outstanding  social  and  moral 
problems  of  their  nation,  enlisting  them  in  investi- 
gation and  personal  service  in  cooperation  with 
various  agencies  in  the  capital  and  the  nation.  One 
hundred  young  men  and  women  raised  $15,000  to 
rehabilitate  a home  for  abandoned  boys.” 

The  very  small  amount  budgeted  for  social 
service,  $4,890,  makes  possible  the  presence  in 
Peking  of  a trained  social  worker,  who  is  applying 
the  principles  and  adapting  the  methods  of  the  West 
to  conditions  in  the  Far  East.  A vast  work  waits 
on  money  to  finance  an  adequate  staff  of  American 
secretaries. 


49 


Student  Work  . . . $162,094.60 

1.  The  original  call  to  the  Association  to  enter 
foreign  countries  came  from  the  missionaries  who 
found  that  only  through  such  an  interdenomina- 
tional agency  could  the  doors  of  government 
schools  be  opened.  That  call  was  answered.  The 
“Gibralters  of  the  non-Christian  world”  were 
penetrated.  Hundreds  of  strong  men  were  won  to 
Christian  leadership,  and  thousands  were  chal- 
lenged to  give  their  lives  in  unselfish  service. 

Dr.  Cornelius  A.  Patton,  Secretary  of  the  Ameri- 
can Board,  while  visiting  China  last  year,  in  the 
interests  of  the  Interchurch  World  Movement, 
said: 

“I  was  delighted  and  surprised  to  hear  of  the  Student  Work 
plans  in  Peking.  They  are  excellent.  I have  seen  nothing 
in  America  so  satisfactory.  There  is  complete  organic  union 
between  the  churches  and  the  Association  in  this  whole  piece 
of  work  and  the  progress  seems  adequate  for  the  situation." 

2.  The  Association  is  responsible  in  large 
measure  for  “the  stirring  of  life  and  aspiration 
across  Asia,”  because  it  has  provided  centers  for 
the  dissemination  of  the  principles  of  Christian 
Democracy.  Stories  of  how  the  great  universities 
of  England  and  later  of  America  literally  emptied 
themselves  in  loyalty  to  the  great  causes  which  were 
at  stake  during  the  War,  profoundly  influenced  the 
university  students  of  Asia  and  Latin  America. 

3.  Today  the  call  is  renewed.  It  is  intensi- 
fied; more  urgent.  In  a sense  not  true  a generation 
ago  the  students  are  leading.  Whither  depends  on 
what  we  do  quickly  to  guide  them.  Today  they 
are  accessible;  eager  for  help.  Our  hard-pressed 
handful  of  men  must  be  reenforced.  One  of  them, 
M.  T.  Kennedy,  Y.  M.  C.  A.  Student  Secretary, 
Calcutta,  India,  writes: 

“What  greater  call  or  higher  service  is  there  anywhere  in 
the  world  today  than  these  friendly  ministries  of  Western 
men  of  open  heart  and  democratic  Christian  spirit  among  these 
rising  generations  of  the  East  who  are  stretching  out  so 
eagerly  for  the  governmental  and  social  reforms  of  the  West?" 

Personality  claims  practically  the  total  amount 
for  Student  Work  ($140,594.68  of  the  total 
$162,094.68).  These  student  secretaries  are  the 
choice  of  American  and  Canadian  college  men  with 
all  that  that  means  of  culture,  social  and  political 
ideals,  and  Christian  character.  The  balance  of  the 
expenditure  is  used  to  promote  student  conferences 
which  in  these  lands  exceed  in  power  and  decisive 
influence  the  similar  gatherings  in  America.  Not- 


50 


able  has  been  the  number  of  decisions  for  the  Chris- 
tian life  and  the  ministry  as  a life-work. 


Subscriptions  as  follows  are  needed: 


1 

at 

$25,000 

= 

$25,000 

1 

« 

15,000 

= 

15,000 

2 

U 

10,000 

= 

20,000 

5 

U 

5,000 

= 

25,000 

9 

« 

3,000 

= 

27,000 

10 

u 

1,500 

= 

15,000 

20 

u 

1,000 

= 

20,000 

30 

il 

500 

= 

15,000 

78 

$162,000 

Training  of  Personnel  $112,556.04 

1.  The  chief  aim  of  every  foreign  secretary,  as 
specified  by  the  International  Convention  of  1891, 
is  “to  train  and  develop  native  Christian  young 
men  in  the  principles  and  methods  of  Association 
work.”  Practically,  it  has  been  found  that  to 
make  Association  work  indigenous,  primary  atten- 
tion must  be  given  to  the  development  of  native 
secretaries.  The  success  of  this  plan  is  proved  by 
the  ratio  of  native  secretaries  to  American  and 
Canadian  secretaries — over  500  to  196. 

2.  This  $112,556.04  aids  in  the  maintenance  of 

training  features  as  follows: 

Training  schools:  one  at  Poona,  India;  one 
for  physical  directors  in  Shanghai  and  another  in 
Montevideo  for  all  of  South  America;  a secretarial 
training  school  to  be  opened  in  1920  in  Montevideo. 

Training  centers  in  selected  Associations  pos- 
sessing superior  staff  and  equipment  constitute  a 
successful  method  common  to  all  the  countries. 
China  is  using  a novel  plan  for  secretarial  training: 
a peripatetic  class,  which  under  expert  guidance 
studies  at  first  hand  the  work  in  the  stronger 
Associations. 

Fellowships  in  America  for  advanced  training 
are  granted  to  men  of  demonstrated  capacity  and 
ability,  after  a period  of  practical  service.  This 
budget  provides  $20,700  for  this  type  of  training. 
Other  native  secretaries  have  studied  Association 
work  in  America  at  their  own  expense,  and  a few  on 
fellowships  provided  by  local  Associations,  notably 
Cleveland. 

Summer  schools  similar  to  those  in  America  are 
conducted  in  Japan,  China,  India,  and  South 
America,  utilizing  in  most  cases  the  student  con- 
ference sites  and  equipment. 


51 


The  training  of  American  secretaries  in  the 

language,  customs,  history,  and  culture  of  the  sev- 
eral countries,  is  in  cooperation  with  Mission 
Boards  at  union  language  schools,  for  the  mainte- 
nance of  which  the  Association  is  jointly  respon- 
sible. The  Association  has  made  a unique  contri- 
bution by  developing  at  the  North  China  Union 
Language  School,  Peking,  a new  method  of  teaching 
languages,  the  recognized  superiority  of  which  has 
brought  to  the  school,  in  addition  to  missionaries, 
members  of  the  diplomatic  corps  and  representa- 
tives of  business. 


Subscriptions  as  follows  are  needed: 


1 

at 

S20.000 

= 

$20,000 

1 

15,000 

= 

15,000 

2 

« 

10,000 

= 

20,000 

3 

u 

5,000 

= 

15,000 

5 

u 

3,000 

= 

15,000 

5 

u 

1,500 

= 

7,500 

10 

u 

1,000 

= 

10,000 

20 

500 

= 

10,000 

47 

$112,500 

Writing, 

Translating, 

and  Publishing  . 


$19,960.00 


1.  The  production  of  Christian  literature, 

at  once  sympathetic  and  scholarly,  for  the  educated 
leaders  and  students  of  the  several  countries,  is  one 
of  the  greatest  services  of  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  In  each 
country  highly  qualified  American,  European,  and 
native  secretaries  are  set  apart  for  special  research 
and  literary  work. 

2.  In  India  Dr.  Farquhar,  a specialist  on  Hin- 
duism, and  Iv.  J.  Saunders,  on  Buddhism,  have 
associated  with  them  fifty-five  other  writers.  Ox- 
ford Press,  England,  prints  anything  approved  by 
Dr.  Farquhar.  The  death  of  Howard  Arnold 
Walter,  one  of  the  younger  authorities  on  Moham- 
medanism, makes  it  necessary  for  the  Association 
to  find  a man  for  this  most  difficult  task. 

The  steadily  increasing  sales  of  the  several 
series  of  books  published  by  Association  Press  in 
India  give  evidence  that  Indians,  Christian  and 
non-Christian  alike,  civil  servants  and  other  resi- 
dents, are  finding  that  these  books  supply  a long 
felt  need.  Scholars  of  all  religions  are  becoming 
friendly,  and  notable  reviews  by  non-Christians 
multiply.  The  Jains  asked  permission  to  reprint  a 
book  descriptive  of  their  religion,  without  the  two 
chapters  on  Christianity,  for  use  in  their  theological 
seminaries.  When  permission  was  refused  they 


52 


printed  it  with  the  chapters  because  they  have 
nothing  to  equal  it. 

3.  In  China  Association  Press  brought  out  in 
1918  twenty-six  new  books  and  forty  reprints.  The 
total  number  of  books  and  pamphlets  circulated 
was  547,402,  containing  3,549,356  pages. 

4.  In  Latin  America  special  attention  has  been 
given  to  the  translation  of  Bible  study  and  sex 
hygiene  works  of  authority.  For  the  first  time  in 
South  America,  two  Brazilian  physicians  last  year 
endorsed  Dr.  Max  J.  Exner’s  book,  “The  Physi- 
cian’s Answer.” 

5.  The  official  magazines  of  the  Movement 
wield  powerful  influence  for  Christian  standards 
and  programs.  The  Pioneer  in  Japan,  Association 
Progress  in  China,  The  Young  Men  of  India 
in  India,  rank  high  among  monthly  publica- 
tions of  their  type,  and  are  read  by  officials  and 
leaders  in  business.  A new  Spanish  magazine  for 
the  Latin  world  will  be  launched  as  soon  as  neces- 
sary capital  is  secured. 

The  $19,960.00  in  this  budget  for  literary 

work  provides  for  three  literary  secretaries  and 
grants  for  translation  and  publication  work  in  four 
countries.  The  work  is  almost  entirely  self-sup- 
porting because  of  the  large  sales,  although  the 
prices  are  very  low. 

Friendly  Relations  among 

Foreign  Students  . $37,500.00 

1.  To  serve  the  future  leaders  of  the  various 
nations  who  are  coming  to  America  for  study  is  the 
work  of  the  Committee  on  Friendly  Relations 
among  Foreign  Students,  which  is  a part  of  the 
Foreign  Work  of  the  Y.  M.  C.  A. 

Each  of  our  Associations  abroad  has  become  a 
rallying  center  for  all  students  and  distinguished 
leaders  who  are  looking  toward  visiting  this  coun- 
try. The  secretaries  of  these  Associations,  there- 
fore, notify  the  Committee  on  Friendly  Relations  in 
New  York  regarding  the  coming  to  America  of  stu- 
dents and  other  visitors.  Plans  have  been  per- 
fected whereby  the  Committee  can  meet  at  the 
steamship  piers  all  such  students  and  visitors  and 
guide  them  in  reaching  the  institutions  which  they 
wish  to  attend. 

2.  More  than  10,000  students  from  over  100 
nations  are  now  studying  in  the  colleges  of  the 
United  States  and  Canada.  Our  Committee  oper- 
ates chiefly  through  the  local  student  and  city 


53 


Associations.  Local  Committees  on  Friendly  Rela- 
tions have  been  appointed  in  the  principal  student 
centers,  which  are  responsible  for  the  welfare  of  all 
foreign  students  and  special  visitors.  Frequent 
receptions  in  private  homes  and  churches  are 
arranged  and  plans  are  made  for  giving  foreign 
students  the  maximum  opportunity  to  see  Chris- 
tian homes.  Particular  assistance  is  given  through 
these  Committees  to  students  who  need  employ- 
ment and  any  aid  in  making  investigations.  In 
addition  to  this  particular  service  our  National 
Committee  on  Friendly  Relations  invites  about  500 
students  annually  to  attend  the  student  summer 
conferences  as  its  guests — their  board  and  room 
being  provided  by  interested  friends. 

3.  Experience  has  shown  that  these  foreign 
students  in  our  midst  are  destined  to  be  the  dom- 
inant forces  in  the  life  of  their  nations;  those  who 
were  students  among  us  ten  and  fifteen  years  ago 
now  hold  positions  of  influence  and  power  among 
their  people.  They  are  the  future  builders  and 
directors  of  the  Association  in  their  several 
countries  and  can  influence  legislation  on  behalf 
of  their  people.  Some  of  these  students  meet 
with  misfortune  and  illness  resulting  in  great 
physical  and  financial  need;  these  become  dis- 
couraged and  are  in  danger  of  being  embittered 
in  their  attitude  toward  the  United  States;  there 
is  the  feeling  that  “Christian  America”  is  failing  to 
show  a real  Christian  spirit  toward  those  who  come 
from  other  countries. 

With  a view  to  overcoming  all  of  the  obstacles 
and  helping  to  solve  the  many  problems  of  these 
future  leaders,  the  Committee  on  Friendly  Rela- 
tions emploj's  special  secretaries  and  cooperates  in 
the  magazines  of  the  different  national  groups. 
Much  of  the  time  of  these  secretaries  is  devoted  to 
personal  conversation  with  foreign  students  and  to 
stimulating  American  people  to  extend  Christian 
hospitality  to  all  of  these  students  from  abroad. 

4.  Christian  Associations  have  been  organ- 
ized by  the  students  of  China,  Japan,  and  Latin 
America.  Each  has  its  own  officers,  including  a 
general  secretary  who  gives  full  or  part  time.  Each 
publishes  a magazine  and  each  promotes  the 
general  welfare  of  the  students  of  that  nationality, 
with  particular  emphasis  on  winning  them  for  the 
Christian  life.  The  Friendly  Relations  Committee, 
through  the  assignment  of  secretaries  home  on 
furlough,  gives  cooperation  and  effective  aid  to 
these  fruitful  organizations. 

This  budget  is  small  when  the  range  of  work 
and  especially  its  potentialities  are  considered. 


54 


Financial  Statement 
FOR  THE  YEAR  ENDING  DECEMBER  31,  1919 


Receipts 


Balance  from  1918 $ 2,061.38 

City  and  Railroad  Associations 341,895.45 

Student  Associations 31,132.92 

Individuals 556,883.47 

Endowment  Interest 4,866.53 

National  War  Work  Council  for 
Foreign  Secretaries  allocated  to 

War  Work 128,697.04 

Foundations  and  Miscellaneous 63,785.27 


Total $1,129,322.06 


Expenditures 


Work  in  the  Japanese  Empire $100,642.66 

Work  in  China  and  Hongkong 494,493.71 

Work  in  the  Philippine  Islands 14,927.89 

Work  in  India  and  Southern  Asia... . 176,344.10 

Work  in  Europe  and  the  Levant 31,721.21 

Work  in  Latin  America 132,042.34 

Committee  on  Friendly  Relations 

among  Foreign  Students 23,516.03 

Special  Appropriations 18,271.72 

General  Work  and  Home  Admini- 
stration  132,152.68 


Total $1,124,112.34 


Balance  to  1920 $5,209.72 


55 


Significant  Action 

by  the  Brotherhood 


The  Foreign  Work  Commission.  The  National 
Employed  Officers’  Conference,  which  met  at  Lake 
Geneva  in  1914,  created  a Commission  to  make  a 
thorough  study  of  the  relationship  of  the  North 
American  Associations  to  the  Foreign  Work.  The 
following  members  were  appointed:  L.  Wilbur 

Messer,  E.  T.  Colton,  E.  W.  Hearne,  J.  W.  Hop- 
kins, Robert  E.  Lewis,  and  A.  G.  Studer.  The 
Commission  made  a tentative  report  to  the  Em- 
ployed Officers’  Conference  which  met  at  Asilomar 
in  1915.  This  Conference  continued  the  Commis- 
sion and  instructed  it  to  accept  the  invitation  of  the 
Committee  on  International  Convention  to  present 
its  report  at  the  Convention  to  be  held  in  1916. 

The  Cleveland  Convention,  1916,  accepted 
the  report  of  the  Foreign  Work  Commission  and 
without  a dissenting  vote  adopted  the  following 
resolutions: 

"That  the  North  American  Associations  recognize  and  hereby  declare 
that  the  obligation  for  the  Foreign  Work  program  rests  primarily  upon  our 
Associations,  and  that  each  Association  annually,  through  its  board  of 
directors,  should  adopt  an  adequate  Foreign  Work  program. 

"That,  in  view  of  the  magnitude  and  urgency  of  the  situation  confronting 
the  North  American  Associations  in  the  non-Christian  world,  and  the 
grave  dangers  which  will  result  from  a failure  to  seize  and  to  press  the 
present  unprecedented  opportunity,  steps  should  be  taken  by  the  Foreign 
Department  of  the  International  Committee  to  organize  and  carry  through 
in  the  near  future  a comprehensive  forward  movement  to  augment  greatly 
the  resources  of  this  part  of  our  common  work,  and  that  the  entire  Brother- 
hood be  called  upon  to  support  such  an  adequate  policy  of  advance  in  all 
ways  within  their  power." 

At  the  Employed  Officers’  Conference  at 

Springfield,  June,  1918,  the  Findings  Committee, 
appointed  to  sum  up  the  results  of  the  Employed 
Officers’  Conference  as  a whole,  reported  at  the 
closing  session  in  reference  to  the  Foreign  Work  as 
follows: 

“The  sagacity  and  wisdom  of  the  American  Association  leaders  in  pro- 
jecting the  Association  Movement  into  the  foreign  field  is  now  being  seen 
in  the  burning  light  of  the  War.  It  constitutes  one  of  the  strongest  bonis 
of  international  sympathy  and  understanding.  We  believe  that  the  For- 
eign Work  of  the  Associations  is  an  essential  factor  in  the  full  accomplish- 
ment of  America’s  aims  in  the  War  as  expressed  by  President  Wilson — 
the  establishment  of  justice,  democracy,  and  permanent  peace  among  the 
nations.  Our  Association  work  now  occupies  such  a strong  position  in 
mission  lands  that  the  obligation  of  our  Brotherhood  to  support  and  extend 
it  is  vastly  increased  by  War  conditions.  We  therefore  urge  the  Associa- 
tions to  continue  and  greatly  increase  their  contributions  and  general 
financial  support  and  to  release  from  time  to  time  strong  American  Asso- 
ciation leaders  for  service  either  temporarily  or  permanently  on  the  foreign 
field.” 


56 


The  Detroit  International  Convention,  1919, 

adopted  the  following  resolutions: 

"That  the  Convention  note  with  satisfaction  the  development  of  auto- 
nomous national  Association  Movements  on  the  foreign  field  and  approve 
the  policy  of  the  International  Committee  in  recognizing  the  responsibility 
of  the  regularly  constituted  National  Committees  in  Asia  and  Latin  America 
for  the  Association  program  and  policy  in  their  respective  fields,  and  author- 
ize the  International  Committee  to  continue  to  cooperate  with  these  National 
Movements  by  sending  secretaries  and  by  aiding  in  providing  buildings . 

“That  the  Convention call  upon  the  Associations  in 

the  United  States  and  Canada  to  support  a program  of  Foreign  Work 
commensurate  with  the  greatly  enlarged  opportunities  growing  out  of 
the  War,  particularly  in  Asia,  Latin  America,  and  the  Near  East.” 


The  1920  Budget  Reviewing  Committee, 

appointed  in  accordance  with  the  action  taken  at 
the  Detroit  Convention: 

W.  M.  Crosby,  Buffalo,  Chairman 

A.  M.  Harris,  Plainfield,  N.  J. 

F.  H.  Scott,  Chicago,  111. 

H.  K.  Twitchell,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

Joseph  M.  Steele,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Cyrus  H.  McCormick,  Chicago,  111. 

W.  J.  Raybold,  Pittsfield,  Mass. 

Walter  T.  Diack,  New  York  City 

C.  A.  Coburn,  New  Jersey  State  Committee 

This  representative  committee  spent  a whole  day  reviewing 
the  budgets  of  the  Home  and  Foreign  Work  of  the  Interna- 
tional Committee.  After  careful  examination  of  all  of  the 
details,  the  various  subdivisions  of  the  budget  were  approved 
one  by  one,  and  the  following  motion  was  unanimously 
passed,  approving  the  budget  as  a whole: 

"That  in  view  of  the  urgent  demand  for  the  enlargement  of  the  Foreign 
Work  due  to  needs  and  calls  from  the  various  foreign  fields,  it  is  recom- 
mended that  in  addition  to  carrying  forward  the  balance  of  the  year  1919 
the  budget  be  increased  $198,595,  provided  the  Foreign  Committee  after 
getting  into  touch  with  the  constituents  discover  that  the  additional 
amount  required  for  the  proposed  enlargement  can  be  satisfactorily  arrived 
at  in  advance. 

"Whereas  the  Budget  Reviewing  Committee  notes  with  concern  an 
interest  charge  of  $12,266.45  against  the  Foreign  Budget  of  1919,  be  it 

"Resolved  that  the  Committee  commends  to  the  International  Committee 
the  policy  of  maintaining  a monthly  budget  calling  for  monthly  and  quar- 
terly payments  on  the  part  of  Associations  and  individuals,  with  the  sug- 
gestion that  those  who  prefer  to  make  their  contributions  in  one  or  two 
payments  be  urged  to  send  their  remittances  early  in  the  fiscal  year  and 
thus  avoid  the  necessity  of  making  loans.” 


“Provincialism  Is  a Back  Number  1“ 


“The  War  has  thrown  wide  the  gates  of  all 
nations,  has  made  neighbors  of  the  peoples  of  the 
world.” — World  Outlook. 


"The  world  will  finally  be  won  to  Christ  through 
Christly  contacts.  Money  makes  it  possible  to 
put  the  Christian  and  non-Christian  side  by  side.” 
— Bishop  F.  J.  McConnell. 


“For  the  whole  distracted  world  today  nothing 
but  the  Christian  solution  is  adequate.  There  is 
need  for  an  advance  of  the  Christian  forces  all 
along  the  line.  The  Y.  M.  C.  A.  is  peculiarly 
adapted  to  meet  the  needs  of  today  in  all  the 
countries.  Shall  we  turn  a deaf  ear  when  all  the 
world  calls,  ‘Come  over  and  help  us’?” 

— Sherwood  Eddy. 

“We  foreign  secretaries  are  here  at  the  point  of 
need  as  the  cutting  edge;  but  you  in  America  must 
help  to  bring  to  bear  the  Power  which  will  make  us 
effective.” — T.  C.  McConnell. 


“I  would  rather  five  in  this  hour  than  in  any 
hour  that  the  world  has  ever  seen.  I would  rather 
have  a part  in  this  task  than  any  task  the  world 
has  ever  known.” — Fletcher  S.  Brockman. 


“The  Foreign  Work  has  been  a great  help  to  our 
local  work.  The  first  subscription  came  five  years 
ago.  Our  men  feel  that  we  are  part  of  a great 
World  Brotherhood,  and  that  the  local  work  is 
more  worth  while  for  this  reason.  Some  wTho  have 
become  interested  in  the  Foreign  Work  are  giving 
locally  from  five  to  twenty  times  as  much  as  they 
did  five  years  ago.  In  no  case,  are  they  giving 
less.  All  our  lives  have  been  enriched  by  this 
personal  contact  with  the  splendid  men  on  the 
foreign  staff.” — Charles  H.  Nuttle, 

Morristown,  N.  J. 


